{"id":5951,"date":"2021-05-19T19:38:11","date_gmt":"2021-05-19T18:38:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=5951"},"modified":"2024-06-13T14:48:20","modified_gmt":"2024-06-13T13:48:20","slug":"plums","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2021\/05\/19\/plums\/","title":{"rendered":"Plums"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>plums<\/strong>, <strong>damsons<\/strong>, <strong>sloes<\/strong>, and related words, in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/gregoryjordan\/3676884814\/in\/photolist-6AUZKL-4GdaE-LiPtY4-3AXpK-6HRh5g-G9Mto-5baN8-9h7Tqa-anc8kW-XkZ4Gs-2UoGBv-2jqM-4MHzPu-8v6oRF-7uhWzb-ht22B-iTNJVt-gXoKLh-4Zm9jA-8z1ri4-6StDiW-2hz985-iTPyn3-B8MK5-gKRbQ-akSE5c-4VM1Nj-WHRZ2K-5LKbG-akSEmK-akSDNK-6L6GVJ-gKRoK-4VM1BJ-i7yReP-cU9xfb-2oRxqkj-6RHaNe-7vcjkt-2ot7ZNL-Bf2Yz-4jbBAG-57uKCo-4Zm9hs-Gqu52-Bf2qd-4Sbuj2-GnBfvj-ofRbe-8ruEah\" title=\"Plums\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2469\/3676884814_ccabb7ee1d_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"392\" alt=\"Plums\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*agrinyom\/*agriny\u0101<\/strong> = sloe, small plum, berry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e1irne<\/strong> = sloe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e1irne, airnne<\/strong> = sloe, kernel<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e1irnech<\/strong> = abounding in sloes<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e1irnech\u00e1n<\/strong> = little sloe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>airne<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0251\u02d0\u027e\u02e0n\u0320\u02b2\u0259 \/ \u02c8\u00e6\u02d0\u027e\u02e0n\u0320\u02b2\u0259] = sloe, gland<br \/>\n<strong>airneog<\/strong> = sloe tree, blackthorn<br \/>\n<strong>biot\u00e1ille airn\u00ed<\/strong> = sloe gin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e0irne<\/strong> [a\u02d0r\u032an\u032a\u02b2\u0259] = blackthorn, sloe (berry), wild plum (<em>prunus domestica<\/em>), damson (<em>prunus domestica insititia<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e0irneag<\/strong> = sloe bush<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>airn<\/strong> = sloe, bullace<br \/>\n<strong>airnagh<\/strong> = sloe-covered<br \/>\n<strong>soo airney<\/strong> = sloe jam<br \/>\n<strong>drine airn<\/strong> = blackthorn, sloe tree (<em>Prunus spinosa<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eirin(en)<\/strong> = plum(s), damson(s), sloe(s)<br \/>\n<strong>eirinha<\/strong> = to collect sloes or bullace<br \/>\n<strong>eirinwyd<\/strong> = plum trees, sloe trees, blackthorn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eirin(en)<\/strong> [\u02c8ei\u032fr\u026an] = plum(s), damson(s), sloe(s), bullace, berries, testicle(s)<br \/>\n<strong>eirina<\/strong> = to collect sloes or bullace<br \/>\n<strong>eirinog<\/strong> = bearing plums or sloes<br \/>\n<strong>eirinwydd<\/strong> = plum trees, sloe trees, blackthorn<br \/>\n<strong>eirin bwlas<\/strong> = bullace, wild plums (<em>Prunus insititia<\/em>), damsons<br \/>\n<strong>eirin damasg\/Damasgus <\/strong> = damson<br \/>\n<strong>eirin Ffrainc\/Ffrengig<\/strong> = prunes<br \/>\n<strong>eirin gwlanog<\/strong> = peaches, apricots<br \/>\n<strong>eirin gwynion<\/strong> = greengages<br \/>\n<strong>eirin Mair<\/strong> = gooseberries<br \/>\n<strong>eirin y moch<\/strong> = haws, hawthorn berries<br \/>\n<strong>eirin morwydd<\/strong> = mulberries<br \/>\n<strong>eirin peatus<\/strong> = nectarines<br \/>\n<strong>eirin ysgaw<\/strong> = elderberries<br \/>\n<strong>eirin y gors<\/strong> = crowberries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>yryn<\/strong> = sloes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eyrin(en)<\/strong> = sloe(s)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><<strong>hirin, irin<\/strong> = sloes<br \/>\n<strong>yrinenn<\/strong> = blackthorn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>irin(enn)<\/strong> [\u02c8i\u02d0.r\u0129n(n)] = sloe(s), sloe gin; pupil, eye<br \/>\n<strong>irina<\/strong> = to look for sloes<br \/>\n<strong>irineg<\/strong> = a place with sloes<br \/>\n<strong>irinenn<\/strong> = blackthorn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etmology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2082\u00f3geh\u2082<\/em> (berry) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/eirin\">source<\/a>]. The English word <strong>acorn<\/strong> comes from the same root, via the Proto-Germanic <em>*h\u2082\u00f3geh\u2082<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic\/akran%C4%85\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/fluffymuppet\/6031272343\/in\/photolist-3MyXs-ah97wL-7wcGEc-ocv82-8whH8P-abXR9c-fM1D96-2mqNovv-6Y4R4j-8Ezx9f-7FMaCv-7FMadn-72zgyB-4zBj1-7FM9Ne-afYk9f-48zZT6-7wj9jr-7qyNmj-5jjWHR-7PvvyK-jhmLH-78RtXa-2mm1KBt-k8Nxh-2pFPkBP-28ubkwG-abQBfi-tVx79R-2kYEGA2-8DVpkQ-ah3sL2-myogn-ah7pfG-2kYFQ1s-fJBt4N-78Ruha-78Ru56-3449JB-78VmAQ-78VmNo-8qYyMV-kikzk-8qYzx2-k8Nxf-6VZdgr-2jwva4D-2jyTHgU-dchrzp-2jb7CP9\" title=\"Damsons\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6086\/6031272343_ef1cfcfc8a_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"Damsons\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pluma<\/strong> [\u02c8p\u02e0l\u02e0\u028am\u02e0\u0259] = plum<br \/>\n<strong>daims\u00edn<\/strong> [\u02c8p\u02e0l\u02e0\u028am\u02e0\u0259] = damson<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>plumais \/ pl\u00f9mbais<\/strong> [pl\u032a\u02e0um\u026a\u0283 \/ pl\u032a\u02e0u\u02d0mb\u026a\u0283] = plum<br \/>\n<strong>daimsin<\/strong> [d\u00e3\u0129m\u0283\u026an] = damson<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong> plumbis<\/strong> = plum<br \/>\n<strong>damsyl<\/strong> = damson<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>plemys(en)<\/strong> = plum(s)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pluman<\/strong> = plum<br \/>\n<strong>plumbren<\/strong> = plum tree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ploum(en)<\/strong> = plum(s)<br \/>\n<strong>ploum(en) sygh<\/strong> = prune(s)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>prun(enn), prun(en)<\/strong> = plum(s), testicule(s)<br \/>\n<strong>prunec<\/strong> = sloe grove<br \/>\n<strong>prunenn, prunen<\/strong> = plum tree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>prun(enn)<\/strong> = plum(s), testicule(s)<br \/>\n<strong>pruneg, prunek<\/strong> = plum grove<br \/>\n<strong>prunenn<\/strong> = plum tree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etmology<\/strong> (plum): from the Middle English <em>ploume\/plomme<\/em> (plum) from the Old English <em>pl\u016bme\/plume<\/em> (plum), from the Proto-West Germanic <em>*pl\u016bm\u0101<\/em> (plum), from the Latin <em>pr\u016bnum<\/em> (plum), from the Ancient Greek <em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd<\/em> (pro\u00fbmnon &#8211; plum). <strong>Prune<\/strong> comes from the same root [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/pluma#Irish\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etmology<\/strong> (damson): from the Middle English <em>damascene\/damasyn\/damacene<\/em> (damson), from the Latin <em>pr\u016bnum damasc\u0113num<\/em> (Damascene plum, plum of Damascus), from the Ancient Greek <em>\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd<\/em> (pro\u00fbmnon &#8211; plum) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/damson\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for plums, damsons, sloes, and related words, in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *agrinyom\/*agriny\u0101 = sloe, small plum, berry Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) \u00e1irne = sloe Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) \u00e1irne, airnne = sloe, kernel \u00e1irnech = abounding in sloes \u00e1irnech\u00e1n = little sloe Irish (Gaeilge) airne [\u02c8\u0251\u02d0\u027e\u02e0n\u0320\u02b2\u0259 \/ \u02c8\u00e6\u02d0\u027e\u02e0n\u0320\u02b2\u0259] = [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,39,16,26,19,20,96,21,3,36,22,5,6,77,37,7,27,9,71,10,12,67,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-ancient-greek","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-food","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-english-englisch","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-cornish","category-old-english-aenglisc","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-germanic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5951","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5951"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5951\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8236,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5951\/revisions\/8236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}