{"id":5740,"date":"2021-01-29T18:40:51","date_gmt":"2021-01-29T18:40:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=5740"},"modified":"2021-02-01T16:35:51","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T16:35:51","slug":"seasons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2021\/01\/29\/seasons\/","title":{"rendered":"Seasons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>seasons<\/strong> in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Spring<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*wesrakos \/ *wesantos<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>errach<\/strong> [\u02c8er\u0348ax] = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>earrach<\/strong> [\u0259\u02c8\u027e\u02e0ax \/ \u02c8a\u027e\u02e0\u0259x \/ \u02c8a\u027e\u02e0a(h)] = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>earrach<\/strong> [jar\u032a\u02e0\u0259x] = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>arragh<\/strong> [\u02c8arax] = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*wesant\u0113nos<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>guiannuin<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwaeanhwyn \/ gwaeannwyn \/ gwannwyn<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwanwyn<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261wanw\u0268\u031en \/ \u02c8\u0261wanw\u026an] = spring, springtime<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>guaintoin<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwaynten<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nevez-amzer<\/strong> = spring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>, from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*w\u00f3sr\u0325<\/em> (spring) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/wesrakos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/46833540454\/in\/photolist-2iRfjYb-2iRdu3U-2iRhUCB-2iPW6aH-2iQ1vjL-2iPYQv4-2iPW6pA-2iQ1vzf-2iPuQvn-2iPzeaM-2iPxyA3-2iPuQaH-2iPxyMR-2iPuQoi-2iPf7Uj-2iNRq57-2iNRpYR-2iNVPEQ-2iLW6G5-2iLW6KX-2iLTipS-2iLXLzK-2iLW5UJ-2iLTixx-2iLW63p-2iMarXK-2iLEiCn-2iKwSFx-2iKjHoP-2iKiJGY-2iJYCiQ-2iJYCjm-2iJYCjM-2iJmgJv-2iJmgNU-2iJjCRy-2iJgTZs-2iJgUVR-2iHEtHk-2iHAaX9-2iHAb4G-2emw8Vq-RG3Kxn-26jTGe5-26jTxGA-26orTQZ-23ALAWw-24UeWcL-R2JPkc-Qd1u89\" title=\"Spring Blossom \/ Blodau y Gwanwyn\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7874\/46833540454_9d037efaa3_z.jpg\" alt=\"Spring Blossom \/ Blodau y Gwanwyn\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>Summer<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*samos<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>samo-<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sam<\/strong> [sa\u1e7d] \/ <strong>samrad<\/strong> [\u02c8sa\u1e7dra\u00f0] = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>samhradh<\/strong> [\u02c8s\u02e0\u0259u\u027e\u02e0\u0259 \/ \u02c8s\u02e0\u0259u\u027e\u02e0u\u02d0 \/ \u02c8s\u02e0\u0259u\u027e\u02e0u] = summer, summer garland<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>samhradh<\/strong> [s\u00e3\u0169r\u0259\u0263] = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sourey<\/strong> [\u02c8saur\u0259] = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*ha\u03b2\u0303<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>ham<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>haf<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>haf<\/strong> [ha\u02d0v \/ ha\u02d0] = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>haf<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hav<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>ham<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>haff<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ha\u00f1v<\/strong> = summer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>, from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*sm\u0325-h\u2082-\u00f3-<\/em> (summer) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/samos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/48390061822\/in\/album-72157709933266576\/\" title=\"King John's Castle \/ Caisle\u00e1n Luimnigh\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/48390061822_db6c8b596c_z.jpg\" alt=\"King John's Castle \/ Caisle\u00e1n Luimnigh\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>Autumn<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fogamar \/ fogomur<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261\u02b2a\u1e7d\u02b2r\u02b2\u0259\u00f0] = autumn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fogamur<\/strong> = harvest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f\u00f3mhar<\/strong> [\u02c8f\u02e0o\u02d0\u027e\u02e0 \/ \u02c8f\u02e0o\u02d0v\u02e0\u0259\u027e\u02e0 \/ \u02c8f\u02e0\u0254\u02d0w\u0259\u027e\u02e0] = autumn, harvest season, harvest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>foghar<\/strong> [fo.\u0259r] = autumn, harvest, (act of) harvesting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fouyr<\/strong> = harvets, autumn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>heduref \/ heduueref<\/strong> = autumn<br \/>\n<em>possibly from hydd (stag) &amp;\u200e bref (bellow)<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hydref<\/strong> [\u02c8h\u0259dr\u025b(v) \/ \u02c8h\u0259dra] = autumn, period of full maturity, rutting season, mating time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hedra \/ kynnyay \/ kydnyadh<\/strong> = autumn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>here \/ kozhamzer \/ diskar-amzer<\/strong> = autumn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> (Goidelic languages), from the Proto-Celtic <em>*wo-gamur <\/em> (under winter) from <em>*gamur<\/em> (winter) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/foghar\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/dexxus\/2981387336\/in\/photolist-5xsozW-5uUTWN-3knMZq-3d31LJ-37sydz-rvdyC-qRMZL-29v7bu3-29RHg6b-ZnXKyn-hshoyz-dE5YDf-dxMzwv-dmCqdE-difCd7-aW6RWc-aD44cE-aBLkL8-8TGnRf-8PCvvA-8N5Evx-8K9zdY-7cN5u1-7aejKd-79mRA8-799RG6-6YYsmP-6RtUaR-5H3jHc-5Byeip-5w2eqQ-5rv1rp-4rVzNY-3QQnnZ-3nGMoJ-2kheVGH-2kfgHKw-2kenZjw-2kdtXQD-2kbYLzm-2k9Hhu9-2k896Zu-2k6N7u7-2k5aPLk-2k1t4Pj-2jZb2TB-2jUS1Go-2jRD7FT-2jQUgMn-2jPdURE\" title=\"autumn falls...\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3215\/2981387336_81217b20e2_z.jpg\" alt=\"autumn falls...\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>Winter<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gyemos \/ *gamur<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>giamos<\/strong> = winter (<em>personal name<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Primitive Irish<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u168c\u1690\u168b\u1694-<\/strong>  (gami\/gen) = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gam \/ gaim<\/strong> = winter, winter storm<br \/>\n<strong>gaimred<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261\u02b2a\u1e7d\u02b2r\u02b2\u0259\u00f0] = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>geimhreadh<\/strong> [\u02c8\u025fi\u02d0\u027e\u02b2\u0259 \/ \u02c8\u025fi\u02d0v\u02b2\u027e\u02b2\u0259 \/ \u02c8\u025f\u025bv\u02b2\u027e\u02b2u] = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>geamhradh<\/strong> [g\u02b2\u00e3\u0169r\u0259\u0263] = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>geurey<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261\u02b2eur\u0259 \/ \u02c8\u0261\u02b2u\u02d0r\u0259] = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>gaem<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gayaf<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gaeaf<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261e\u0268\u032fav \/ \u02c8\u0261ei\u032fav] = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>goyf<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwav \/ gw\u00e2v<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>guoiam<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>gouaff<\/strong> = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>goa\u00f1v<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261w\u00e3w \/ \u02c8\u0261w\u00e3] = winter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>, from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*\u01f5\u02b0yem-<\/em> (winter, year, frost, snow) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/gyemos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/5272358914\/in\/album-72157604404613838\/\" title=\"Coed efo eira arno\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5247\/5272358914_56e9a85e04_z.jpg\" alt=\"Coed efo eira arno\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/language\/celtic\/connections\/time.htm#time\">The names of the seasons, days and seasons in Celtic languages<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/k%CA%B7ennom\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for seasons in Celtic languages. Spring Proto-Celtic *wesrakos \/ *wesantos = spring Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) errach [\u02c8er\u0348ax] = spring Irish (Gaeilge) earrach [\u0259\u02c8\u027e\u02e0ax \/ \u02c8a\u027e\u02e0\u0259x \/ \u02c8a\u027e\u02e0a(h)] = spring Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig) earrach [jar\u032a\u02e0\u0259x] = spring Manx (Gaelg) arragh [\u02c8arax] = spring Proto-Brythonic *wesant\u0113nos = spring Old Welsh guiannuin = spring Middle Welsh (Kymraec) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,26,19,20,25,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,40,42,11,12,13,23,91,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-primitive-irish","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-time","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5740"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5746,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5740\/revisions\/5746"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}