{"id":5458,"date":"2020-08-01T18:24:38","date_gmt":"2020-08-01T17:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=5458"},"modified":"2023-04-17T18:11:32","modified_gmt":"2023-04-17T17:11:32","slug":"swans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2020\/08\/01\/swans\/","title":{"rendered":"Swans"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>swan<\/strong> (<em>cygnus<\/em>) in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/32918783226\/in\/photolist-RJPFNJ-S9Vno3-WpxDDE-XqseKm-9Ae6Fc\" title=\"Swans, etc\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2698\/32918783226_57ecec2c98_z.jpg\" alt=\"Swans, etc\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*eli-<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>ala<\/strong> = swan<br \/>\n<strong>alauda<\/strong> = skylark<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>elu<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ela(e)<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eala<\/strong> [\u02c8al\u02e0\u0259] = swan<br \/>\n<strong>ealach<\/strong> = frequented by swans<br \/>\n<strong>eala bhalbh<\/strong> = mute swan (<em>Cygnus olor<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>eala ghlorach<\/strong> = whooper swan (<em>Cygnus cygnus<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eala<\/strong> [jal\u032a\u02e0\u0259] = swan<br \/>\n<strong>eala bh\u00e0n<\/strong> = mute swan<br \/>\n<strong>eala fhiadhaich<\/strong> = whooper swan<br \/>\n<strong>ealag, eala-ghlas<\/strong> = cygnet, young swan<br \/>\n<strong>eala-bheag<\/strong> = Bewick&#8217;s (tundra) swan (<em>Cygnus columbianus bewickii<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>olla, ollay<\/strong> = (mute) swan<br \/>\n<strong>ollay chiaulee<\/strong> = whooper swan<br \/>\n<strong>eean olla<\/strong> = cygnet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>alarkos<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>alarch<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>alarch<\/strong> [\u02c8alar\u03c7\/\u02c8a\u02d0lar\u03c7] = swan, the constellation Cygnus<br \/>\n<strong>alarchaidd<\/strong> = pertaining to a swan, swanlike<br \/>\n<strong>alarchen<\/strong> = cygnet<br \/>\n<strong>alarches<\/strong> = female swan<br \/>\n<strong>alarchwedd<\/strong> = swanlike<br \/>\n<strong>alarch d\u00f4f, alarch mud<\/strong> = mute swan<br \/>\n<strong>alarch y gogledd, alarch chwibanol, alarch gwyllt<\/strong> = whooper swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>elerch<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>elerch<\/strong> = swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>alargh<\/strong> = (mute) swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>alarc&#8217;h<\/strong> = swan<br \/>\n<strong>alarc&#8217;hez<\/strong> = female cygnet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>alarc&#8217;h<\/strong> = swan<br \/>\n<strong>alarc&#8217;h roueel<\/strong> = mute swan<br \/>\n<strong>alarc&#8217;h-kristilh<\/strong> = whooper swan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2081el-<\/em> (swan, bird, waterfowl) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/eala\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root include <strong>alondra<\/strong> (lark) in Spanish, <strong>alouette<\/strong> (lark) in French, and <strong>allodola<\/strong> (skylark) in Italian. They were probably borrowed from the Gaulish <em>alauda<\/em> (skylark), from <em>ala<\/em> (swan) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Noia#Galician\">Source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE root include <strong>auk<\/strong> (swan) in English, <strong>alke<\/strong> (auk) in Danish and Norwegian, and <strong>\u00e1lka<\/strong> (razorbill) in Faroese and Icelandic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/auk#English\">Source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for swan (cygnus) in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *eli- = swan Gaulish ala = swan alauda = skylark Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) elu = swan Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) ela(e) = swan Irish (Gaeilge) eala [\u02c8al\u02e0\u0259] = swan ealach = frequented by swans eala bhalbh = mute swan (Cygnus olor) eala ghlorach = whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73,84,16,26,63,19,20,103,44,25,65,21,83,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,113,9,10,13,23,82,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animals","category-birds","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-danish-dansk","category-english","category-etymology","category-faroese-foroyskt-mal","category-french","category-gaulish","category-icelandic-islenska","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-norwegian-norsk","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5458"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7238,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5458\/revisions\/7238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}