{"id":5362,"date":"2020-06-16T17:38:11","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T16:38:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=5362"},"modified":"2023-06-19T15:45:58","modified_gmt":"2023-06-19T14:45:58","slug":"hens-chickens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2020\/06\/16\/hens-chickens\/","title":{"rendered":"Hens &#038; Chickens"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>hen<\/strong>, <strong>chicken<\/strong>  and related things in Celtic languages:<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/72284410@N08\/9932827083\/in\/photolist-g8Jkrn-2bzQDGB-6fToHd-6MpUfB-dxEPjS-2hNcjLz-9LF1bW-8ibBh-6L3swu-7G82js-CRF32m-baRh9H-jJuMy-Pv3yC-2k2Yo7-F36HB-9T9FDe-i6F1N-apNAPa-GxWrpV-6MpUft-6MpUfp-2aocTn9-QwXgAH-smAGP-HdjQzV-RLaqjc-7Sattx-MNw9i-9wX4zm-nSKSdW-ahtPjd-FqAe4-aH4oB4-mhjWLL-2Vofu-4MxT9d-4t2Tjp-29WkFNc-FYnT2u-isYrX-sM4gf-sM4ju-2bfpxpb-6s3bMY-fC4VVt-g5nzv7-fC4VJM-fC4WMz-fCjaYj\" title=\"Hens\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5535\/9932827083_f9a65736d4_z.jpg\" alt=\"Hens\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kerk\u0101<\/strong> = hen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cerc<\/strong> [k\u02b2erk] = hen, female bird<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cerc<\/strong> [k\u02b2erk] = hen, female bird<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cearc<\/strong> [ka\u027e\u02e0k] = hen, female bird<br \/>\n<strong>cearcach<\/strong> = gallinaceous (relating to, or resembling the domestic fowl)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cearc<\/strong> [k\u02b2\u025brxg] = hen, chicken; poultry; female crab or lobster<br \/>\n<strong>cearc-uisge<\/strong> = moorhen<br \/>\n<strong>cearc-Fhrangach<\/strong> = turkey<br \/>\n<strong>cearc-fhraoich<\/strong> = female red grouse, moorhen<br \/>\n<strong>cearcach<\/strong> = of, or belonging to a hen or hens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kiark<\/strong> = fowl, hen, hen bird, female bird<br \/>\n<strong>kiark<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*\u1e31er-<\/em> (to grow, nourish) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cerc#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>]. These words are possibly related to words for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2020\/07\/19\/herons\/\">heron and crane<\/a> in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p>English words from the same root include <strong>cereal<\/strong>, <strong>create<\/strong>, <strong>increase<\/strong>, <strong>creature<\/strong>, <strong>crew<\/strong> and <strong>crescent<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Category:English_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_root_*%E1%B8%B1er-_(grow)\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*yar\u0101<\/strong> = chicken<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>Iaros<\/strong> = <em>personal name<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eir\u00edn<\/strong> = pullet, young hen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>er\u00e9ne, \u00e9ir\u00edn(e)<\/strong> = chicken, chick, pullet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eireog<\/strong> = pullet, chicken; young girl, tiny woman<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eireag<\/strong> [er\u02b2ag] = pullet, young chick(en) (<em>between 8 months and 1 year old<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>earrag<\/strong> = pullet, poult<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>iar<\/strong> = hen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>yar<\/strong> = hen<br \/>\n<strong>yeyr, yeir<\/strong> = domestic fowls, chickens<br \/>\n<strong>yares<\/strong> = flock of chichens<br \/>\n<strong>ieirdy<\/strong> = hen-house, hen-coop<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>i\u00e2r<\/strong> [ja\u02d0r] = hen, hen-bird<br \/>\n<strong>ieir<\/strong> = domestic fowls, chickens<br \/>\n<strong>iarbren<\/strong> = perch for hens, hen-roost<br \/>\n<strong>iardy, ieirdy<\/strong> = hen-house, hen-coop<br \/>\n<strong>iares<\/strong> = flock of chichens<br \/>\n<strong>iargyw<\/strong> = chichen, young fowl<br \/>\n<strong>ieirwr<\/strong> = poulterer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>iar, yar<\/strong> = hen, female bird<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>yar<\/strong> = chicken, hen<br \/>\n<strong>yar frankres<\/strong> = free-range hen<br \/>\n<strong>yar gowellys<\/strong> = battery hen<br \/>\n<strong>yar Gyni<\/strong> = turkey<br \/>\n<strong>bregh\/brygh yar<\/strong> = chicken pox<br \/>\n<strong>yarji<\/strong> = chichen coop, hen house<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>yar, iar<\/strong> = chicken, hen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>yar<\/strong> = chicken, hen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhfiveg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for hen, chicken and related things in Celtic languages: Proto-Celtic *kerk\u0101 = hen Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) cerc [k\u02b2erk] = hen, female bird Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) cerc [k\u02b2erk] = hen, female bird Irish (Gaeilge) cearc [ka\u027e\u02e0k] = hen, female bird cearcach = gallinaceous (relating to, or resembling the domestic fowl) Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig) cearc [k\u02b2\u025brxg] [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73,84,16,26,19,20,25,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,10,40,12,13,23,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animals","category-birds","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5362"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7334,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5362\/revisions\/7334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}