{"id":4761,"date":"2019-12-14T18:32:50","date_gmt":"2019-12-14T18:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=4761"},"modified":"2024-01-05T22:09:10","modified_gmt":"2024-01-05T22:09:10","slug":"seas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/12\/14\/seas\/","title":{"rendered":"Seas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>sea<\/strong>, <strong>ocean<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/44766333955\/in\/album-72157673008174007\/\" title=\"Newquay\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4852\/44766333955_af73a87320_z.jpg\" alt=\"Newquay\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*mori<\/strong> = sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Primitive Irish<\/th>\n<td>*\u168b\u1691\u168f\u1694\u1685 (*morin) = sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>muir<\/strong> [mur\u02b2] = sea<br \/>\n<strong>muirbolc<\/strong> = inlet<br \/>\n<strong>romuir<\/strong> = ocean, sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>muir<\/strong> = the sea, ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>muir<\/strong> [m\u02e0\u026a\u027e\u02b2]  = sea<br \/>\n<strong>muirbhealach<\/strong> = sea route, seaway<br \/>\n<strong>muirbhr\u00facht<\/strong> = tidal wave, (sea) eruption, invasion (by sea)<br \/>\n<strong>muir\u00ed<\/strong> = marine, maritime<br \/>\n<strong>muireola\u00ed<\/strong> = oceanographer<br \/>\n<strong>muireola\u00edicht<\/strong> = oceanography<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>muir<\/strong> [mur\u02b2] = sea<br \/>\n<strong>muireil<\/strong> [mur\u02b2al] = maritime<br \/>\n<strong>muir-acainneach<\/strong> = seaworthy<br \/>\n<strong>muir-\u00e8olas<\/strong> = hydrography<br \/>\n<strong>muir-l\u00e0n<\/strong> = high water\/tide<br \/>\n<strong>muir-th\u00ecreach<\/strong> = amphibious<br \/>\n<strong>muir-tr\u00e0ghadh<\/strong> = low tide, low-water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mooir<\/strong> = sea<br \/>\n<strong>mooiroil<\/strong> = marine<br \/>\n<strong>mooiragh<\/strong> = dune, estuary, maritime, mariner<br \/>\n<strong>mooir-oaylleeaght<\/strong> = oceanography<br \/>\n<strong>mooir-lane<\/strong> = high tide<br \/>\n<strong>mooir-hraie<\/strong> = low tide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*mor<\/strong> = sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mor, myr, m\u0177r<\/strong> = sea, ocean<br \/>\n<strong>morad, mor-rad<\/strong> = produce of the sea<br \/>\n<strong>morawl<\/strong> = sea-inlet, estuary<br \/>\n<strong>morben<\/strong> = promontory, headland, cape, coast, sea-shore, isthmus<br \/>\n<strong>moravl, morawl<\/strong> = marine, maritime, naval<br \/>\n<strong>kefn[f]or, kefynvor<\/strong> = ocean, the main flood<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>m\u00f4r<\/strong> [mo\u02d0r] = sea, ocean, the deep; plenty, abundance, copiousness<br \/>\n<strong>morad<\/strong> = produce of the sea, revenue accruing from the sea, custom(s)<br \/>\n<strong>moraf, mori<\/strong> = to anchor (a boat)<br \/>\n<strong>morafl<\/strong> = sea-inlet, estuary<br \/>\n<strong>morben<\/strong> = promontory, headland, cape, coast, sea-shore, isthmus<br \/>\n<strong>morol<\/strong> = marine, maritime, naval<br \/>\n<strong>cefnfor<\/strong> = ocean, the main flood<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>mor<\/strong> = sea<br \/>\n<strong>morec<\/strong> = of the sea, maritime<br \/>\n<strong>morhoch<\/strong> = porpoise<br \/>\n<strong>morlenol<\/strong> = tide, influx of the sea<br \/>\n<strong>mortrig<\/strong> = the ebb of the sea<br \/>\n<strong>morva<\/strong> = a place near the sea, marsh<br \/>\n<strong>morvil<\/strong> = whale<br \/>\n<strong>morvoren<\/strong> = mermaid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mor<\/strong> = sea<br \/>\n<strong>mor bras, mor broas<\/strong> = ocean<br \/>\n<strong>mora<\/strong> = to put to sea<br \/>\n<strong>mordardha<\/strong> = to surf<br \/>\n<strong>mordrik<\/strong> = low tide<br \/>\n<strong>mordu<\/strong> = navy<br \/>\n<strong>morek<\/strong> = maritime<br \/>\n<strong>morvil<\/strong> = whale<br \/>\n<strong>morvoren<\/strong> = mermaid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>mor<\/strong> = sea<br \/>\n<strong>mor-bras<\/strong> = ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mor<\/strong> [\u02c8mo\u02d0r] = sea, tide<br \/>\n<strong>mor-bras<\/strong> = ocean<br \/>\n<strong>morad<\/strong> = tide<br \/>\n<strong>moraer<\/strong> [mo&#8217;ra\u025br] = marine, navigator, boatman<br \/>\n<strong>mora\u00f1<\/strong> [\u02c8mo\u02d0r\u00e3] = to launch, to set afloat (a ship)<br \/>\n<strong>morlaer<\/strong> [\u02c8morla\u025br] = pirate<br \/>\n<strong>morlu<\/strong> [\u02c8morly] = fleet, navy<br \/>\n<strong>morour<\/strong> [\u02c8mo\u02d0.rur] = oceanologist<br \/>\n<strong>morvil<\/strong> [\u02c8mor.vil] = whale, cetacean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>m\u00f3ri<\/em> (sea, standing water), from <em>*mer-<\/em> (sea, lake, wetland), which is also the root for the English word <strong>mere<\/strong>, as in Windermere [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/m%C3%B3ri\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fairrge<\/strong> [\u02c8far\u0348\u0261\u02b2e] = ocean, sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fairrge, fairge<\/strong> = the open sea, ocean, extent, expanse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>farraige<\/strong> [\u02c8f\u02e0a\u027e\u02e0\u026a\u025f\u026a] = sea, billow, swell<br \/>\n<strong>farraigeach<\/strong> = seaman, seafarer<br \/>\n<strong>farraigeoireacht<\/strong> = (act of) seafaring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fairge<\/strong> [far\u02b2ag\u02b2\u0259] = sea, ocean, (sea) swell, turbulence of the ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>faarkey<\/strong> [\u02c8f\u00f8\u02d0\u0279k\u0259] = sea, ocean, billow, breaker, large wave, swell<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly related to Old Irish <em>fairsiung<\/em> (ample, broad) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/fairrge\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kawnos<\/strong> = port, haven<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c\u00faan<\/strong> [ku\u02d0a\u032fn] = ocean, sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c\u00faan<\/strong> = bay, gulf, harbour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cuan<\/strong> [ku\u0259n\u032a\u02e0] =  haven, harbour, bow, curve, bowed, stooped<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cuan<\/strong> [ku\u0259n] = ocean, bay, inlet (<em>archaic<\/em>), haven (<em>archaic<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>cuan-e\u00f2laiche<\/strong> = oceanographer<br \/>\n<strong>cuan-e\u00f2las<\/strong> = oceanography<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>keayn<\/strong> [ki\u1d48n] = sea, ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kapno-<\/em>, <em>*keh\u2082p-<\/em> (to grasp) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/c%C3%BAan#Etymology_2\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*liros<\/strong> = sea, ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ler<\/strong> [\u02c8l\u0348\u02b2er] = ocean, sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ler, lera<\/strong> = sea, ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lear<\/strong> [l\u0320\u02b2a\u027e\u02e0] = sea, ocean (<em>literary\/archaic<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>thar lear<\/strong> = overseas, abroad, across\/beyond the sea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lear<\/strong> [l\u032a\u02b2\u025br] = sea, ocean (<em>poetic<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>thar lear<\/strong> = overseas (<em>poetic<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lirou<\/strong> = sea, ocean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>llyr<\/strong> = sea, ocean<br \/>\n<strong>llyryed<\/strong> = to sail, voyage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ll\u0177r<\/strong> = sea, ocean, watercourse, channel<br \/>\n<strong>llyriaf, llyrio<\/strong> = to sail, voyage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: either borrowed from an unknown substrate language or from Proto-Indo-European <em>*leyH-<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/ler#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gueilgi, gweilgi<\/strong> = sea, ocean, the deep; flood, torrent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gweilgi<\/strong> = sea, ocean, the deep; flood, torrent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Celtic <em>*wailos<\/em> (wolf, howler) and Welsh <em>ci<\/em> (dog), perhaps because the sound of the sea was likened to a wolf howling, or the sea was seen as like a wolf. It is cognate with the Irish <strong>faolch\u00fa<\/strong> (wild dog, wolf), and the Scottish Gaelic <strong>faol-ch\u00f9<\/strong> (wolf) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/gweilgi\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for sea, ocean and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *mori = sea Primitive Irish *\u168b\u1691\u168f\u1694\u1685 (*morin) = sea Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) muir [mur\u02b2] = sea muirbolc = inlet romuir = ocean, sea Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag) muir = the sea, ocean Irish (Gaeilge) muir [m\u02e0\u026a\u027e\u02b2] = sea [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,40,42,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-primitive-irish","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4761"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4761\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7816,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4761\/revisions\/7816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}