{"id":4264,"date":"2019-04-15T18:30:33","date_gmt":"2019-04-15T17:30:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=4264"},"modified":"2023-03-10T20:47:41","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T20:47:41","slug":"dwellings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/04\/15\/dwellings\/","title":{"rendered":"Towns and Tribes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>dwelling<\/strong>, <strong>settlement<\/strong>, <strong>town<\/strong>, <strong>tribe<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/ianturk\/2377579513\/in\/photolist-2kh9VqW-4tsSc6-2n8kBQM-4C6Hye-2kg4pPN-2nQKiam-4C6Gni-7gLarX-2nQCnhS-2nQAQNu-2nQELoH-2jv9atE-2nQNSNk-2kg6puH-2nQKvJQ-7gLakx-7gQ6FN-2nQR1uj-2nQRuBE-4uvtsK-P4noKd-4tsRK2-7gLaxx-7comTR-7comJx-2mG5eZp-3b4HSX-QkcKNg-obbFYd-RR9zSK-2mDVgdC-mfSkJQ-mfSkoE-5AMjT7-ef1agi-7comN2-2nQJwAs-c7HLoU-c86oEN-mfQrcD-mfQqy4-8i42zJ-P6CmsD-mfRgog-4uzx41-mfRgT4-4twXKb\" title=\"Trefor\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2085\/2377579513_e3ccb27746_z.jpg\" alt=\"Trefor\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*treb\u0101<\/strong> = dwelling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td>A<strong>tre<\/strong>bates = <em>name of a tribe<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>treb<\/strong> = house, farm; household; tribe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>treb<\/strong> = house, farm; household; tribe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>treibh<\/strong> [\u02c8t\u02b2\u027e\u02b2\u025bv] = house, homestead, farmstead; household, family; tribe, race<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>treabh<\/strong> [tro] = farming village<br \/>\n<strong>treubh<\/strong> [tre\u02d0v] = tribe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*tre\u03b2<\/strong> [\u02c8tr\u025b\u02d0\u03b2] = town, settlement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tref<\/strong> [\u02c8tr\u025b\u02d0\u03b2] = town, settlement<br \/>\n<strong>trefad, trevad, treuad, treuat<\/strong> = dwelling(-place), habitation<br \/>\n<strong>trefan, treuan<\/strong> = small town or city, village, dwelling, abode, manor-house, fort<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tre(f)<\/strong> [tre\u02d0(v)] = town; town centre; dwelling(-place), habitation, residence, home; house (and surrounding land), homestead, farm, estate, cluster of houses; township; tribe<br \/>\n<strong>trefad<\/strong> = dwelling(-place), habitation, residence, home, region, domain<br \/>\n<strong>trefaf, trefu<\/strong>= to dwell, live, settle<br \/>\n<strong>trefan<\/strong> = small town or city, village, dwelling, abode, manor-house, fort<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tre, trev<\/strong> = dwelling place, homestead, home, town<br \/>\n<strong>tregva, trigva<\/strong> = dwelling place, habitation<br \/>\n<strong>trevedic<\/strong> = one from a country village, a country man, rustic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tre<\/strong> [tr\u025b:\/tre:] = farmstead, home, town, village<br \/>\n<strong>trigva<\/strong> = abode, address, dwelling, resdidence<br \/>\n<strong>trigys<\/strong> = settled, to reside, live<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>treff, treb<\/strong> = town, settlement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tre, trev<\/strong> = town<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>trev<\/strong> = town<br \/>\n<strong>trevour<\/strong> = civil<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: From the Proto-Indo-European <em>*treb-<\/em> (dwelling, settlement) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/treb-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root (via Latin) possibly include <strong>trobo<\/strong> (beehive, skep) in Galician, and <strong>tru\u00e9banu<\/strong> (beehive, barrel, basket) in Asturian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/trobo\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>This is also the root of the archaic English word <strong>thorp(e)<\/strong> (a group of houses standing together in the country; a hamlet; a village), which appears in place names such as <strong>Milnthorpe<\/strong> and <strong>Scunthorpe<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Related words in other languages include <strong>Dorf<\/strong> (hamlet, village, town) in German, <strong>torp<\/strong> (village) in Danish, <strong>torp<\/strong> (farm, cottage, croft) in Swedish, <strong>\u00feorp<\/strong> (village, farm) in Icelandic, and <strong>trev\u00eb<\/strong> (country, region, village) in Albanian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/thorp#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for dwelling, settlement, town, tribe and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *treb\u0101 = dwelling Gaulish Atrebates = name of a tribe Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) treb = house, farm; household; tribe Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) treb = house, farm; household; tribe Irish (Gaeilge) treibh [\u02c8t\u02b2\u027e\u02b2\u025bv] = house, homestead, farmstead; household, family; tribe, race Scottish Gaelic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,66,125,16,26,63,19,20,24,25,61,65,21,3,36,5,6,37,7,27,8,10,11,12,13,23,64,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-albanian","category-asturian-asturianu","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-danish-dansk","category-english","category-etymology","category-galician","category-gaulish","category-german","category-icelandic-islenska","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-swedish-svenska","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4264"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7207,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4264\/revisions\/7207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}