{"id":3557,"date":"2018-11-17T14:15:08","date_gmt":"2018-11-17T14:15:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=3557"},"modified":"2024-10-01T14:25:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T13:25:18","slug":"legs-feet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/11\/17\/legs-feet\/","title":{"rendered":"Legs &#038; Feet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>legs<\/strong>, <strong>feet<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/canonsnapper\/24705681078\/in\/photolist-DDa5fA-LbvyeS-c2USoL-6NYsg5-5DWbWB-5Vb35-2njMqAZ-hVMoA-eHezDL-vi36QQ-NRxSue-o3NVz-789nbV-nSFK7R-5xw4Ev-AosvsJ-kYPaY-2LV1Aa-ykrRq9-bwsn5n-sDfYBD-2nCt4Dw-Ep2Xg-a5JgKq-eZFWD3-6HgAxu-pDqeLi-2nGYDK3-7zoJR2-7K8qhs-2if28EF-pBnuH1-65yfVC-2iNa24W-2o87vcH-8baK4a-GbLVpe-pmUk2t-54cjiC-pDok7E-pD922i-9YMijZ-6vNBbA-2meJXnB-pDoh7S-8WzKE-pD93Vi-pmVb9h-cekdy7-pmVWRv\" title=\"Legs\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4539\/24705681078_dbe2c08929_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"300\" alt=\"Legs\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*koxs\u0101<\/strong> = foot, leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cos(s)<\/strong> [kos] = foot, leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cos, cas<\/strong> = foot, leg, stem, support, handle, shaft, infantry<br \/>\n<strong>cosach<\/strong> = pertaining to feet or legs, long-legged<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cos<\/strong> [k\u0254s\u02e0] = leg, foot; handle, shaft, stem; lower end<br \/>\n<strong>cos\u00e1n<\/strong> = path, footway, track, way, passage, direction<br \/>\n<strong>cosar\u00e1la\u00ed<\/strong> = trampler, clumsyfooted person<br \/>\n<strong>coisc\u00e9im<\/strong> = footstep<br \/>\n<strong>cois\u00ed<\/strong> = pedestrian<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cas<\/strong> [kas] = foot, trotter; leg; handle, shaft shank (<em>of a fishing hook<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>casach<\/strong> [kas\u0259x] = (many-)footed, legged, abounding in feet<br \/>\n<strong>casachan<\/strong> [kas\u0259xan] = pedal, treadle<br \/>\n<strong>cos<\/strong> [k\u0254s] = foot, leg, handle, shaft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cass<\/strong> [ka\u02d0s] = leg, barrel, foot, shaft, peg, bottom, outlet, mouth of river, stalk, hilt, stem of a pipe, crop of a whip<br \/>\n<strong>cassagh<\/strong> = footed, pedal, spiral, objective<br \/>\n<strong>kass<\/strong> = foot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*ko\u0268s<\/strong> = leg, shank, stem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>coes<\/strong> = leg, shank<br \/>\n<strong>koescyn<\/strong> = leg, shank, stalk, stem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>coes<\/strong> [ko\u02d0\u0268\u032fs \/ k\u0254i\u032fs \/ ko\u02d0s] = leg, shank; handle, haft, stem,  stalk<br \/>\n<strong>coes<\/strong> = little leg<br \/>\n<strong>coesgyn<\/strong> = leg, shank, stalk, stem<br \/>\n<strong>coesi(o)<\/strong> = to run away, leg it, walk, stride<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>koos<\/strong> = leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*ko\u1e31s-<\/em> (joint) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/koxs%C4%81\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same PIE root include <strong>cushion<\/strong> in English, <strong>Hachse<\/strong> (hock, shank, knuckle, leg) in German, <strong>coxa<\/strong> (thigh, drumstick) in Portuguese, and <strong>cuisse<\/strong> (thigh) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/ko%E1%B8%B1s-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*tregess<\/strong> = foot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>treide<\/strong> = foot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>traig<\/strong> [tra\u0263\u02b2] = foot (<em>part of body \/ measurement<\/em>), step<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>traig<\/strong> = foot, step<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>troigh<\/strong> [t\u032a\u02e0\u027e\u02e0\u026a\u025f \/ t\u032a\u02e0\u027e\u02e0\u0254 \/ t\u032a\u02e0\u027e\u02e0i\u02d0] = foot (<em>part of body \/ measurement<\/em>), step<br \/>\n<strong>troitheach<\/strong> = foot-soldier, pedestrian<br \/>\n<strong>troithe\u00e1n<\/strong> = pedal, treadle<br \/>\n<strong>troith\u00edocht<\/strong> = sound of footsteps<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>troigh<\/strong> [tr\u0254\u00e7] = foot (<em>part of body \/ measurement<\/em>), sole of foot<br \/>\n<strong>troighean<\/strong> = pedal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>trie<\/strong> [str\u025bin] = foot, sole, twelve inches<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>troed, troet<\/strong> = foot<br \/>\n<strong>troeduet, troetued, troydvedd<\/strong> = foot (measurement)<br \/>\n<strong>troeda\u1efdc, troedauc, troediog, troedyavc, troydawc<\/strong> = having a foot, footed, walking, ambulant, nimble-footed, sure-footed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>troed<\/strong> [tro\u02d0\u0268\u032fd \/ tr\u0254i\u032fd] = foot, shaft, handle, bottom, base, pedestal, foundation, extremity, end, stalk, foot-joint<br \/>\n<strong>troed-droed, troetroed<\/strong> = step by step, in step (with)<br \/>\n<strong>troedfa<\/strong> = pavement, foundation, base<br \/>\n<strong>troedfedd<\/strong> = foot (measurement)<br \/>\n<strong>troedfys<\/strong> = toe<br \/>\n<strong>troedffordd<\/strong> = footpath, footway<br \/>\n<strong>troediad<\/strong> = step, pace, walk, gait, kick<br \/>\n<strong>troed(i)o<\/strong> = to tread, step, walk, tample (on), plod, trudge<br \/>\n<strong>troed(i)og<\/strong> = having a foot, footed, walking, ambulant, nimble-footed, sure-footed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>truit<\/strong> = foot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>trois, tros, tr\u00f4s<\/strong> = foot<br \/>\n<strong>troishys<\/strong> = foot (length)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>troos<\/strong> [tro:z \/ tru:z] = foot, on foot<br \/>\n<strong>troos-hys, troos-hes<\/strong> = foot (length)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>treit, treyt<\/strong> = foot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>troat<\/strong> = foot<br \/>\n<strong>troatet<\/strong> = foot (length)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>troad<\/strong> [trw\u0251\u02d0t] = foot, handle<br \/>\n<strong>troadeg<\/strong> = with big feet, infantryman, pedestrian<br \/>\n<strong>troadek<\/strong> [\u02c8trw\u0251\u02d0.d\u025bk] = having big feet, having a foot<br \/>\n<strong>troadikell<\/strong> [trwa.\u02c8dik\u02d0.\u025bl] = pedal<br \/>\n<strong>troadikella\u00f1<\/strong> [trwa.di.\u02c8k\u025bl\u02d0.\u00e3] = to pedal<br \/>\n<strong>troadikeller<\/strong> [trwa.di.\u02c8k\u025bl\u02d0.\u025br] = pedalboard. pedaler<br \/>\n<strong>troatad<\/strong> [\u02c8trwat\u02d0.at] = foot (length)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*treg\u02b0-<\/em> (to run, walk), apparently a variant of <em>*d\u02b0reg\u02b0-<\/em> (to run, drag, pull) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/tregess\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same roots include <strong>drag<\/strong>, <strong>draw<\/strong>, <strong>train<\/strong> and <strong>treaty<\/strong>, and <strong>droichead<\/strong> (bridge) in Irish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/d%CA%B0reg%CA%B0-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*garros<\/strong> = shank, leg, calf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*garra<\/strong> = leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gairr<\/strong> = calf of the leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gairr, gair<\/strong> = calf of the leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*garr<\/strong> = shank, calf of the leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>garr, gar<\/strong> = leg, shank, thigh, ham, hough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gar<\/strong> [\u0261ar] = leg, shank, thigh, ham, hough<br \/>\n<strong>gar(r)an<\/strong> = leg, shank, shaft, axle<br \/>\n<strong>garanu<\/strong> = to fix a shank or handle, to fit with a shaft or axle, to crane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gar<\/strong> = shank, leg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>garr<\/strong> [\u0261ar\u02d0\/\u0261\u0252r] = leg, stem<br \/>\n<strong>garren<\/strong> = calf, stalk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gar, garr<\/strong> = leg, paw<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gar<\/strong> [\u0261\u0251\u02d0r] = leg, paw<br \/>\n<strong>garegenn<\/strong> = leg (of trousers)<br \/>\n<strong>gargen<\/strong> = leg warmer<br \/>\n<strong>gallek<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261a.r\u02d0\u025bk] = (having) long legs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from Proto-Indo-European <em>*\u01f5\u02b0s-r-<\/em> (hand), from <em>*\u01f5\u02b0es-<\/em> (hand, to take, give in exchange) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/garros#Proto-Celtic\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same Proto-Celtic root include <strong>garra<\/strong> (shank, claw, talon) in Catalan, <strong>jarret<\/strong> (hough, hock) in French, <strong>garter<\/strong> (a band worn around the leg to hold up a sock or stocking) in English, and <strong>garra<\/strong> (claw, talon, paw, hook, passion, dedication) in Spanish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/%C7%B5%CA%B0es-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Info-European roots include <strong>dor\u00eb<\/strong> (hand) in Albanian, <strong>pa\u017ee<\/strong> (arm) in Czech, and <strong>host<\/strong> (the consecrated bread of the Eucharist) in English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Latin\/garra\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/etymologicaldict00macbuoft\/page\/n9\/mode\/2up\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for legs, feet and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *koxs\u0101 = foot, leg Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) cos(s) [kos] = foot, leg Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) cos, cas = foot, leg, stem, support, handle, shaft, infantry cosach = pertaining to feet or legs, long-legged Irish (Gaeilge) cos [k\u0254s\u02e0] [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,66,16,101,26,75,19,20,44,25,61,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,41,93,11,12,13,23,82,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-albanian","category-breton","category-catalan-catala","category-kernewek-cornish","category-czech-cestina","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-parts-of-the-body","category-portuguese-portugues","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3557"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8490,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions\/8490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}