{"id":3489,"date":"2018-10-22T17:39:55","date_gmt":"2018-10-22T16:39:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=3489"},"modified":"2024-05-04T20:25:51","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T19:25:51","slug":"brown-dun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/22\/brown-dun\/","title":{"rendered":"Brown &#038; Dun"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>brown<\/strong>, <strong>dun<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/91035846@N05\/9437703460\/in\/photolist-fnYGrb-9Ki8-4wP7Un-4pqL8F-oXMx-mFDZ9-s21jG-YCzHJ3-41djHq-jmWf8b-5pKjFz-YCzHFN-6AX7of-b9gmnD-4sAmzW-73m158-37CkSR-hbWcC8-cwGhx-5q27Dw-4JeC3H-4Cq7CZ-XE4ft8-3YHScr-868Lo2-82EfjU-64HbJN-2bekQ5x-95KgKY-6GazhK-e264b7-4puN6s-e8PKGS-3CYDU-5W89Qp-6ntFxF-a2gBMT-28DEtkD-dS9cHg-53vqGa-7FAc9A-aE59Sd-fcSWhK-HTf34u-8vabmS-w1V1Ae-66qqJ-fd8g9Y-9JrrnQ-6vRyJs\" title=\"Horses\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3795\/9437703460_6abb087f6d_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" alt=\"Horses\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*dusnos<\/strong> = dark brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>donn<\/strong> [don&#840;] = brown, tawny, dun; hazel (<em>eyes<\/em>), chestnut (<em>animals<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>donn<\/strong> = dun, brown<br>\n<strong>donnaid<\/strong> = to make brown or red<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>donn<\/strong> [d&#810;&#736;&#596;n&#810;&#736; \/ d&#810;&#736;u&#720;n&#810;&#736; \/ d&#810;&#736;&#601;un&#810;&#736;] = brown, brown-haired, hard brown timber<br>\n<strong>donnaigh<\/strong> = brown, tan, rust<br>\n<strong>donnbhu&iacute;<\/strong> = yellowish brown, fallow, biscuit(-coloured)<br>\n<strong>donnchiabhach<\/strong> = brown-haired<br>\n<strong>donndearg<\/strong> = reddish brown<br>\n<strong>donnfhionn<\/strong> = light brown<br>\n<strong>donnroscach<\/strong> = brown-eyed<br>\n<strong>donnrua<\/strong> = chestnut (colour), russet (cloth), bay (horse)<br>\nstrong&gt;donn&uacute;ch&aacute;n = browning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>donn<\/strong> [d&#596;un&#810;&#736; ~ d&#623;n&#810;&#690;&#601;] = brown, brown-haired, brunette<br>\n<strong>donn-gheal<\/strong> = light brown, slightly tanned<br>\n<strong>donn-ruadh<\/strong> = bay, chestnut (coloured)<br>\n<strong>donn-uaine<\/strong> = olive(-brown)<br>\n<strong>donnachadh<\/strong> [d&#596;&#810;n&#736;&#601;x&#601;&#611;] = browning, making brown, tanning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dhoan, dhone, doan<\/strong> = brown, brown-haired, hazel, swarthy, dark-skinned<br>\n<strong>dhoanaghey<\/strong> = brown, tan<br>\n<strong>doan ruy<\/strong> = sepia<br>\n<strong>dhone-ruy<\/strong> = bay (colour)<br>\n<strong>dhoan-ruy<\/strong> = chestnut<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dwnn, dwn<\/strong> = dun, dark red, brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dwn<\/strong> = dun, dark red, brown; swarthy, dark<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*d&#688;ews-\/*d&#688;ewh&#8322;-<\/em> (smoke, mist, haze) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/dusnos\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same root possibly include <strong>dew<\/strong>, <strong>dun<\/strong>, <strong>dusk<\/strong>, <strong>dust<\/strong> and <strong>fume<\/strong> in English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/dusnos\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gelos<\/strong> = shining, white<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gel&#257;<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gel<\/strong> = bright, clear, white<br>\n<strong>gile<\/strong> = brightness, whiteness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gel, geal<\/strong> = fair, white, bright, shining<br>\n<strong>gelach<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>gelaid<\/strong> = to make white, bleach, make fair<br>\n<strong>gelaigid<\/strong> = to brighten, give light to<br>\n<strong>gel&aacute;n<\/strong> = brightness, a flash, whiteness<br>\n<strong>gelcaid<\/strong> = to whiten<br>\n<strong>geldae<\/strong> = fair, bright<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>geal<\/strong> [&#607;al&#736;] = white, bright, pure, glad, happy, dear, beloved, fond<br>\n<strong>gealach<\/strong> [&#607;&#601;&#712;l&#810;&#736;&#593;x] = moon<br>\n<strong>gealac&aacute;n<\/strong> = white (of egg\/eye)<br>\n<strong>gealach&aacute;n<\/strong> = bleaching, clothes hung out to dry<br>\n<strong>gealacht<\/strong> = brightening<br>\n<strong>gealadh<\/strong> = dawning, dawn, bleaching, greying, lightening of colour, gladness, fondness<br>\n<strong>geal&aacute;n<\/strong> = gleam, flash, bright spell<br>\n<strong>geal&aacute;nach<\/strong> = gleaming, flashing, bright<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>geal<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#736;] = white, fine<br>\n<strong>gealach<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#736;&#601;x] = moon<br>\n<strong>gealachd<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#736;&#601;xg] = whiteness<br>\n<strong>gealadh<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#736;ag] = blight, whitening, fade-in<br>\n<strong>gealaich<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#618;&ccedil;] = blanch, bleach, whiten<br>\n<strong>gealaichte<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#618;&ccedil;d&#690;&#601;] = blanched, bleached, whitened<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gial<\/strong> = bright, clear, white, shining, snowy, light-coloured, fulgent<br>\n<strong>giallagh<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>gialan<\/strong> = egg white<br>\n<strong>giallaghey<\/strong> = to blanch, bleach, brighten, whiten<br>\n<strong>gillid<\/strong> = brightness, clearness, light, lustre<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gell<\/strong> = bay, brown, auburn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gell<\/strong> = bay, brown, auburn, orange, yellow, tawny-coloured<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gell<\/strong> [g&#603;l:] = (light) brown<br>\n<strong>gellburpur<\/strong> = puce<br>\n<strong>gellrudh<\/strong> = auburn, russet brown<br>\n<strong>gellvelyn<\/strong> = tawny brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>guel(l)<\/strong> = bay, fawn, red<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gell<\/strong> [&#712;&#609;&#603;l&#720;] = bay, brown, ripe, exhausted<br>\n<strong>gellaat<\/strong> [&#609;&#603;&#712;l&#593;&#720;t] = to make or become brown<br>\n<strong>gellan, gella&ntilde;<\/strong> = = to brown, ripen<br>\n<strong>gelleg<\/strong> = bay colour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*&#501;&#688;elh&#8322;os<\/em>, from <em>*&#501;&#688;elh&#8322;-<\/em> (to shine) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/gelos\">source<\/a>]. English words from the same PIE roots include <strong>arsenic<\/strong>, <strong>gall<\/strong>, <strong>gild<\/strong>, <strong>gild<\/strong>, <strong>gold<\/strong> and <strong>yellow<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/%C7%B5%CA%B0elh%E2%82%83-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gurmos<\/strong> = dun, dark, blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorm<\/strong> = blue, dark, green<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorm<\/strong> = (deep) blue, green, dark, swarthy, black<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorm<\/strong> [&#712;&#609;&#596;&#638;&#736;&#601;m&#736;] = blue, dyeing-blue; azure, dark-blue; livid, purple<br>\n<strong>goirme<\/strong> = blueness<br>\n<strong>gormaigh, gorm&uacute;<\/strong> = to colour blue, become blue<br>\n<strong>gormchl&oacute;<\/strong> = blue-print<br>\n<strong>gormghlas<\/strong> = blue-green, sea-green, aquamarine<br>\n<strong>gormroscach, gormsh&uacute;ileach<\/strong> = blue-eyed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorm<\/strong> [g&#596;r&#596;m] = blue; green, verdant; green, inexperienced, wet (behind the ears)<br>\n<strong>gorm-ghlas<\/strong> = azure, cerulean, dapple grey (horse)<br>\n<strong>gorm_sh&ugrave;ileach<\/strong> = blue-eyed (person)<br>\n<strong>gorm-uaine<\/strong> = blue-green<br>\n<strong>gormachadh<\/strong> [g&#596;r&#596;m&#601;x&#601;&#611;] = making blue or grey<br>\n<strong>gormailean<\/strong> = blue-eyed person, highly naive person<br>\n<strong>muc-ghorm<\/strong> = blue whale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorrym<\/strong> = blue, black, dark-skinned<br>\n<strong>gormaghey<\/strong> = blue, cyanosis<br>\n<strong>gorrymaghey<\/strong> = blue<br>\n<strong>gorrym dorraghey<\/strong> = dark blue<br>\n<strong>bane-ghorrym<\/strong> = light blue<br>\n<strong>doo-ghorrym<\/strong> = navy blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gurm<\/strong> = dun, dark, blue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gurum, gurim, gwrym, gurem<\/strong> = brown, dark-brown<br>\n<strong>gwrymde, gurym de<\/strong> = dark-blue, greyish-blue, swarthy, wearing mourning<br>\n<strong>gwrymseirch, gwrmseirch, gurumseirch<\/strong> = dark-blue armour or harness, horse-trappings, traces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwrm, gwrwm<\/strong> = brown, dark-brown, reddish, greyish-brown, dark-grey, dark, dusky, black, dark-blue, blue<br>\n<strong>gwr(w)mder<\/strong> = blackness, duskiness, murkiness, mist<br>\n<strong>gwr(w)mdde<\/strong> = dark-blue, greyish-blue, swarthy, wearing mourning<br>\n<strong>gwr(w)mddu<\/strong> = dusky, blackish, black garment<br>\n<strong>gwr(w)mseirch, gwrymseirch<\/strong> = dark-blue armour or harness, horse-trappings, traces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorm<\/strong> [g&#596;rm] =  (dark\/dull) brown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>uurm<\/strong>-haelon = with dark brows<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: uncertain &ndash; possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/gurmos\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &ndash; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for brown, dun and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *dusnos = dark brown Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) donn [don\u0348] = brown, tawny, dun; hazel (eyes), chestnut (animals) Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) donn = dun, brown donnaid = to make brown or red Irish (Gaeilge) donn [d\u032a\u02e0\u0254n\u032a\u02e0 \/ d\u032a\u02e0u\u02d0n\u032a\u02e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,38,26,19,20,25,21,3,22,5,37,7,27,8,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-colours","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3489"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8145,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3489\/revisions\/8145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}