{"id":3424,"date":"2018-10-16T11:36:44","date_gmt":"2018-10-16T10:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=3424"},"modified":"2024-02-23T22:19:06","modified_gmt":"2024-02-23T22:19:06","slug":"sweet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/16\/sweet\/","title":{"rendered":"Sweet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>sweet<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/kbxxus\/29421529775\/in\/photolist-LPT2LK-GxNdT-avYZuG-J3qpu-9ymQvu-avWiEB-J3qpE-dJcGpy-dJcGPu-5UB1c1-aHF8Ra-5UB17m-5UwCQM-aBMkpz-aosnDu-dkYQJV-aHF2y4-aHF8Ga-aHFcnZ-75Fytm-aopC7R-aHFcG6-cLWPN-nXasPk-5DzWMB-5hmNLY-8wzisB-3bfdU-p7cyRs-fZje64-8C2Tui-5CTvz2-poEcnu-p7bWTN-cfXBgG-oMq2h-tRDxB-37QtbX-poEcdG-7CdKoW-6cEY6H-5DEeFs-37QriX-bKamgD-bABA5S-6MeyXS-5CXNKh-7agpwR-6HUFJB-8C5ZWy\" title=\"Sweets\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8224\/29421529775_eaca2ce338_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Sweets\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*melissis<\/strong>, <strong>*melisti<\/strong> = sweet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>milis<\/strong> [\u02c8m\u02b2il\u02b2is\u02b2] = sweet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>milis<\/strong> = sweet, fresh (water)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>milis<\/strong> [\u02c8m\u02b2\u026al\u02b2\u026a\u0283] = sweet, tender, tasty, fresh (<em>water<\/em>); honeyed (<em>words<\/em>), flattering<br \/>\n<strong>milisbhriathrach<\/strong> = sweet-spoken, honey-tongued<br \/>\n<strong>milis\u00edn<\/strong> = sweet morsel<br \/>\n<strong>milse\u00e1n<\/strong> =  sweet, bonbon, candy; sweet dish, dessert<br \/>\n<strong>milseog<\/strong> =  dessert; sweetheart, darling<br \/>\n<strong>milsigh<\/strong> =  to sweeten<br \/>\n<strong>uisce milis<\/strong> = sweet\/fresh water<br \/>\n<strong>teange mhilis<\/strong> = flattering tongue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>milis<\/strong> [mil\u026a\u0283] = sweet; melodious, musical; flattering<br \/>\n<strong>aran-milis<\/strong> = gingerbread<br \/>\n<strong>baine milis<\/strong> = sweet milk, condensed milk<br \/>\n<strong>bunt\u00e0ta milis<\/strong> = sweet potato, yam<br \/>\n<strong>coirce-milis<\/strong> = sweet corn, maize<br \/>\n<strong>slaman-milis<\/strong> = jelly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>millish<\/strong> = sweet, darling, sugary, dulcet, honeyed, luscious, fruity, balmy<br \/>\n<strong>bee millish<\/strong> = sweetmeat, sweet<br \/>\n<strong>feddan millish<\/strong> = recorder, fipple flute<br \/>\n<strong>fooillagh millish<\/strong> = trifle<br \/>\n<strong>slumm millish<\/strong> = jelly<br \/>\n<strong>ushtey millish<\/strong> = fresh water<br \/>\n<strong>focklyn millish<\/strong> = honeyed words<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*mel\u0268s<\/strong> = sweet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>melis, melys<\/strong> = sweet, pleasant-tasting, delicious<br \/>\n<strong>meledic<\/strong> = sweetened with honey<br \/>\n<strong>melysvwyt, melysvwyd, melys-fwyd<\/strong> = sweet food, sweet dish, delicacy, dainty food, sweetmeat, dessert<br \/>\n<strong>mel\u00fbsrwyth, melyssrwydd<\/strong> = sweetness, sweet or delicious taste<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>melys<\/strong> [\u02c8m\u025bl\u0268\u031es\/\u02c8me\u02d0l\u026as\/\u02c8m\u025bl\u026as] = sweet, pleasant-tasting, delicious, tasty; not salty, fresh (<em>water<\/em>); delightful, agreeable, pleasant, charming; sweet-sounding, euphonious, melodious; sweet-smelling, fragrant<br \/>\n<strong>dant melys<\/strong> = sweet tooth<br \/>\n<strong>pethau melys<\/strong> = sweets<br \/>\n<strong>tatws melys<\/strong> = sweet potato<br \/>\n<strong>melysaf, meluso<\/strong> = to sweeten, mitigate, alleviate<br \/>\n<strong>melysaidd, melusaidd<\/strong> = rather sweet, delightful, agreeable<br \/>\n<strong>melyfwyd, melusfwyd<\/strong> = sweet food, sweet dish, delicacy, dainty food, sweetmeat, dessert<br \/>\n<strong>melyfwyd, melusfwyd<\/strong> = sweet, delicious, delightful, agreeable, pleasant, melodious, fond of sweet food or drink, greedy, voracious<br \/>\n<strong>melysrwydd, melusrwydd<\/strong> = sweetness, sweet or delicious taste, melodiousness, fondness for delicate food<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>melys<\/strong> [&#8216;m\u025bl\u026as\/&#8217;m\u025bl\u0259\u0283] = very sweet, honeyed<br \/>\n<strong>kleves melys<\/strong> = diabetes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>milis<\/strong> = honeyed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>milis<\/strong> = honeyed, sweetish, sneaky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>melis, milis<\/strong> = honeyed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*m\u00e9lid<\/em> (honey)), which is also the root of the English words <strong>mildew<\/strong> and <strong>mulch<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/meli\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*su\u032feko-s<\/strong> = to smell (good)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>chwech<\/strong> = sweet<br \/>\n<strong>wech, chweg, chwec<\/strong> = sweet, lucious, pleasant, comely<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>chwech<\/strong> [\u03c7we\u02d0\u03c7\/hwe\u02d0\u03c7] = sweet<br \/>\n<strong>chweg<\/strong> = sweet, lucious, pleasant, comely<br \/>\n<strong>chwegaidd<\/strong> = sweetish<br \/>\n<strong>chwegrwydd<\/strong> = sweetness, lusciousness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hwec, hwecah, hweg, hw\u00eag, wh\u00eak<\/strong> = sweet, pleasant, dear<br \/>\n<strong>hwecter, whecter<\/strong> = sweetness, pleasantness, suavity, delight<br \/>\n<strong>hwegol, whegol<\/strong> = dear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hweg<\/strong> = sweet, dear, gentle, kind, nice, pleasant, pleasing<br \/>\n<strong>hwegednow, hwegnnow<\/strong> = candy<br \/>\n<strong>hwegen<\/strong> = darling, pet, lozenge, sweet<br \/>\n<strong>hwegoll<\/strong> = darling, delightful, sweetest<br \/>\n<strong>hwegys<\/strong> = sweetcorn, maize<br \/>\n<strong>hweg-oll<\/strong> = darling, delightful, sweetest<br \/>\n<strong>ys hweg<\/strong> = sweetcorn, maize<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>huec<\/strong> = sweet, delicate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&#8217;hwek<\/strong> [xwe\u02d0k] = soft, suave, sugar, delicious, exquisite, pleasant<br \/>\n<strong>c&#8217;hwekaat<\/strong> = to sweeten<br \/>\n<strong>c&#8217;hwekted<\/strong> [\u02c8xwek.tet] = softness, suavity<br \/>\n<strong>c&#8217;hwekter<\/strong> = delicacy<br \/>\n<strong>mel c&#8217;hwek<\/strong> = sweet honey<br \/>\n<strong>gwin c&#8217;hwek<\/strong> = sweet wine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown<\/p>\n<p>The usual Breton word for sweet is <strong>dous<\/strong>, which probably comes from the Old French <em>dous<\/em> (soft, tender), form the Latin <em>dulcis<\/em> (sweet, fragrant, melodious), from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*dl\u0325k\u00fa-<\/em> (sweet) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/dous#Breton\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for sweet and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *melissis, *melisti = sweet Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) milis [\u02c8m\u02b2il\u02b2is\u02b2] = sweet Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) milis = sweet, fresh (water) Irish (Gaeilge) milis [\u02c8m\u02b2\u026al\u02b2\u026a\u0283] = sweet, tender, tasty, fresh (water); honeyed (words), flattering milisbhriathrach = sweet-spoken, honey-tongued milis\u00edn = [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,96,21,3,36,5,6,37,7,27,8,78,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-food","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-french-franceis","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3424"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7980,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3424\/revisions\/7980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}