{"id":3353,"date":"2018-10-07T17:48:15","date_gmt":"2018-10-07T16:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=3353"},"modified":"2023-11-18T17:33:16","modified_gmt":"2023-11-18T17:33:16","slug":"unfree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/07\/unfree\/","title":{"rendered":"Expensive Fools"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>expensive<\/strong>, <strong>unfree<\/strong> &amp; <strong>foolish<\/strong> in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/105105658@N03\/52169391999\/in\/photolist-2nu2LFR-7pAvwk-9tYvwZ-4bPSKt-4Ygk7-NjPkV-9qoxTs-sqYpp-6QvPr-5ypxuN-4xBXbK-usXNN-33ahTV-98oMen-4tS2He-Gao3S-gaKa7y-dpGxu-ggXjTK-kVwyo-8UaDCh-8u32SB-qmC5-aEPVV8-2oFzSf4-DhWsQb-5wDwmZ-gaK1mX-74vbJ-wWbVZZ-4hd8et-2ooE9Nr-B6MSy-AX2e94-2owmhS5-pzp25g-pPMZgo-8onYDv-4oerfc-4oj9vh-2RAo7Q-oV37B3-2oFuQVs-UAes6z-2oFAdRh-cwsL8U-2oFyDCm-5YQazw-2oFuQV7-2TWpRK\" title=\"Jester\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/52169391999_54d0aeaec0_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"Jester\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>d\u00f3er, do\u00edr<\/strong> [do\u02d0i\u032fr\/do\u02d0i\u032fr\u02b2] = servile, unfree, serf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>d\u00f3er, do\u00edr<\/strong> = unfree, lowborn, serf, base, ignoble, slavish, enslaved, subject, guilty<br \/>\n<strong>do\u00edraid<\/strong> = to debase, take, captive, enslave, condemn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>daor<\/strong> [d\u032a\u02e0e\u02d0\u027e\u02e0 \/ d\u032a\u02e0i\u02d0\u027e\u02e0] =  unfree; base, servile; convicted, condemned; hard, severe; costly; dear, high-priced<br \/>\n<strong>daoradh<\/strong> = enslavement, conviction, condemnation<br \/>\n<strong>daor\u00e1n<\/strong> = slave, servile creature<br \/>\n<strong>daor\u00e1nach<\/strong> = convict<br \/>\n<strong>daorobair<\/strong> = servile work, hard labour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>daor<\/strong> [d\u026f\u02d0r] = condemned; enslaved, in bondage<br \/>\n<strong>daorachadh<\/strong> = condemning, dooming, condemnation, enslaving<br \/>\n<strong>daoran<\/strong> [d\u026f\u02d0ran] = ned, lout<br \/>\n<strong>daorsa<\/strong> [d\u026f\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0s\u0259] = bondage, captivity<br \/>\n<strong>daorsanach<\/strong> [d\u026f\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0san\u0259x] = convict<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>deyr<\/strong> = unfree, serf<br \/>\n<strong>deyrey<\/strong> = to condemn, convict doom; condemnation, conviction<br \/>\n<strong>deyrsnys<\/strong> = bondage, enslavement, serfdom, servitude, slavery, subjection<br \/>\n<strong>deyraneagh<\/strong> = convict<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Old Irish <em>do-<\/em> (to) &amp; <em>fer<\/em> (man, husband) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/d%C3%B3er#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*dr\u016btos<\/strong> = foolish, lewd; costly; daring, wanton; furious, grievous<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>Trutiknos<\/strong> (<em>personal name<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dr\u00fath<\/strong> = buffoon, jester, moron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dr\u00fath<\/strong> = professional jester, buffoon, poet, learned man, imbecile<br \/>\n<strong>dr\u00fathacht<\/strong> = buffoonery<br \/>\n<strong>dr\u00fath\u00e1n<\/strong> = little jester, little fool<br \/>\n<strong>dr\u00fathlach<\/strong> = cuckold, foolish man<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dr\u00fath<\/strong> = irresponsible person, imbecile; jester, buffoon<br \/>\n<strong>dr\u00fathacht<\/strong> = buffioonery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dr\u00f9th<\/strong> = lecherous, lascivious, foolish<br \/>\n<strong>dr\u00f9thach<\/strong> = obscene<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>drut, drud<\/strong> = dear, expensive<br \/>\n<strong>drudwr<\/strong> = brave warrior<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>drud<\/strong> = dear, high-priced, costly, expensive; precious, valuable; daring, brave, valiant, courageous, bold; rash, reckless, foolish<br \/>\n<strong>drudedd<\/strong> = obstinacy<br \/>\n<strong>drudfawr<\/strong> = expensive, precious, courageous, valiant<br \/>\n<strong>drudlew<\/strong> = valiant and daring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>drudh<\/strong> = cherished, favourite, precious<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/dr%C5%ABtos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for expensive, unfree &amp; foolish in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) d\u00f3er, do\u00edr [do\u02d0i\u032fr\/do\u02d0i\u032fr\u02b2] = servile, unfree, serf Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) d\u00f3er, do\u00edr = unfree, lowborn, serf, base, ignoble, slavish, enslaved, subject, guilty do\u00edraid = to debase, take, captive, enslave, condemn Irish (Gaeilge) daor [d\u032a\u02e0e\u02d0\u027e\u02e0 \/ d\u032a\u02e0i\u02d0\u027e\u02e0] [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,26,19,20,25,21,3,22,37,7,27,10,12,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-celtic","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3353"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3353\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7715,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3353\/revisions\/7715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3353"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}