{"id":3341,"date":"2018-10-07T13:19:18","date_gmt":"2018-10-07T12:19:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=3341"},"modified":"2024-01-12T18:12:37","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T18:12:37","slug":"free","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/07\/free\/","title":{"rendered":"Free"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>free<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/silipo\/2163227689\/in\/photolist-4ia7e8-28t7TeS-mRqBP-2h2Nzoz-34Unc-Gy6vgB-Dc7r8a-at4oy5-y42BXm-6ajtqq-tW4jQT-e5uTVg-2kKxda7-87rWYc-4FYsrP-bwqKgc-qwRFHX-2kZsvz4-6cKU66-2cVBNJT-6fYp-oLjpCv-2kKzQy5-2hVBTt4-2kybFk2-4xurtL-78DAHT-2oPoRPH-26CRDLA-23P9qLW-78HsuY-23uCsbb-78Hr8W-ATK9p5-FMydk-5z1sZW-2HcjD-p3JgMV-2iKzezV-4fkpEW-5anoq-92zW2-2k1rFwR-cvrfkf-CNGQ96-acb2Gi-atzx4D-2jWm48y-6PH5rN-TAkw7G\" title=\"Freedom\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2316\/2163227689_23919cdd7c_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"Freedom\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*su-wiros<\/strong> = free (&#8220;good man&#8221;)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>saer<\/strong> [so\u02d0i\u032fr] = free, freeman, noble, craftsman<br \/>\n<strong>saeraid<\/strong> [\u02c8so\u02d0i\u032fr\u0268\u00f0\u02b2] = to free, liberate, deliver, save, exempt<br \/>\n<strong>saire<\/strong> [\u02c8sai\u032f.r\u02b2e] = freedom, liberty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish<\/th>\n<td><strong>saer, soer, s\u00f3er<\/strong> = free, freeman, noble, ready, skilled,<br \/>\n<strong>s\u00e1eraid<\/strong> = to free, liberate, save, rescue, deliver<br \/>\n<strong>sa\u00edre, s\u00f3ire<\/strong> = freedom, liberty, nobility, <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>saor<\/strong> [s\u02e0e\u02d0\u027e\u02e0\/s\u02e0i\u02d0\u027e\u02e0] = free, enfranchised; noble; independent<br \/>\n<strong>saoradh<\/strong> = liberation, deliverance, release, acquittal, assurance, confirmation<br \/>\n<strong>saor\u00e1id<\/strong> = ease, facility, ease, freedom from constraint<br \/>\n<strong>saor\u00e1ideach<\/strong> = easy, facile<br \/>\n<strong>saor\u00e1id\u00ed<\/strong> = easiness, facileness<br \/>\n<strong>saor\u00e1il<\/strong> = freedom, bargin<br \/>\n<strong>saor\u00e1lach<\/strong> = voluntary, free, unconstrained<br \/>\n<strong>saor\u00e1la\u00ed<\/strong> = volunteer<br \/>\n<strong>saoirse<\/strong> = freedom, immunity, exemption<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>saor<\/strong> [s\u026f\u02d0r] = free (not captive); cheap; frank<br \/>\n<strong>saora<\/strong> [s\u026f\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0s\u0259] = freedom, liberty, redemption<br \/>\n<strong>saorachd<\/strong> [s\u026f\u02d0r\u0259xg] = freedom, cheapness<br \/>\n<strong>saoradair<\/strong> [s\u026f\u02d0r\u0259d\u026ar\u02b2] = liberator<br \/>\n<strong>saoradh<\/strong> [s\u026f\u02d0r\u0259\u0263] = freeing, libterating, liberation<br \/>\n<strong>saorsach<\/strong> = [s\u026f\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0s\u0259x] = free, unrestrained<br \/>\n<strong>saorsachd<\/strong> = [s\u026f\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0s\u0259xg] = freedom, exemption<br \/>\n<strong>saorsainn<\/strong> [s\u026f\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0s\u026an\u032a\u02b2] = liberty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>seyr<\/strong> [se\u02d0r] = free, gratuitous, gratis, complimentary, immune, floating, independent, unforced<br \/>\n<strong>seyrsnys<\/strong> =  autonomy, exemption, freedom, immunity, independence<br \/>\n<strong>seyrey<\/strong> = absolution, exemption, liberation; to absolve, acquite, exempt, free, libterate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Celtic <em>*su-<\/em> (good, well), from PIE <em>*h\u2081su-<\/em> (good, well), and Proto-Celtic <em>*wiros<\/em> (man, husband), from PIE <em>*wiHr\u00f3s<\/em> (man, husband) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/s%C3%B3er#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>The Irish name <strong>Fearghal<\/strong> (Fergal, Feargal), and the English name <strong>Farrell<\/strong> come from the Proto-Celtic name <em>*Wirogalos<\/em>, from <em>*wiros<\/em> (man) and\u200e <em>*gal\u0101<\/em> (valour, ability) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/Wirogalos\">source<\/a>], and the Irish name <strong>Fearghas<\/strong> and the English version, <strong>Fergus<\/strong>, come from the Proto-Celtic name <em>*Wirogustus<\/em>, from <em>*wiros<\/em> (man) and\u200e <em>*gustus<\/em> (excellence, force) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/Wirogalos\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*\u0278riyos<\/strong> = free<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*r\u0268\u00f0<\/strong> [\u02c8r\u0268\u02d0\u00f0] = free<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ryd, rit<\/strong> = free, nonconformist; unrestricted, unrestrained; open; liberal<br \/>\n<strong>ryddd-dab, rydd-deb<\/strong> = freedom, liberation, deliverance, immunity<br \/>\n<strong>ryddh\u00e2d, rhyddhaad<\/strong> = release, libteration, freedom<br \/>\n<strong>rydhaw, rydhaa, rytha<\/strong> = to free, release, liberate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>rhydd<\/strong> [r\u0325\u0268\u02d0\u00f0 \/ r\u0325i\u02d0\u00f0] = free, nonconformist; unrestricted, unrestrained; open; liberal<br \/>\n<strong>rhyddd-deb<\/strong> = freedom, liberation, deliverance, immunity<br \/>\n<strong>rhyddhad<\/strong> = release, libteration, freedom<br \/>\n<strong>rhyddhaf, rhyddhau<\/strong> = to free, release, liberate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>rid<\/strong> = free<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>rid, ruid<\/strong> = free, unconstrained<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>rydh<\/strong> [r\u026a:\u00f0 \/ ri:\u00f0] = free<br \/>\n<strong>rydhses<\/strong> = freedom, liberty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc<\/th>\n<td><strong>rid<\/strong> = free<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from Proto-Indo-European <em>*priH\u00f3s<\/em> (dear, beloved, happy, free), from <em>*preyH-<\/em> (like, love) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/priH%C3%B3s\">source<\/a>]. English words from the same PIE roots include <strong>free(dom)<\/strong>, <strong>friend<\/strong> and <strong>proper<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/priHy%C3%B3s\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for free and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *su-wiros = free (&#8220;good man&#8221;) Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) saer [so\u02d0i\u032fr] = free, freeman, noble, craftsman saeraid [\u02c8so\u02d0i\u032fr\u0268\u00f0\u02b2] = to free, liberate, deliver, save, exempt saire [\u02c8sai\u032f.r\u02b2e] = freedom, liberty Middle Irish saer, soer, s\u00f3er = free, freeman, noble, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,22,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3341"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7837,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3341\/revisions\/7837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}