{"id":3254,"date":"2018-10-01T12:55:13","date_gmt":"2018-10-01T12:55:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/rywsut\/?p=3254"},"modified":"2023-09-10T18:46:43","modified_gmt":"2023-09-10T17:46:43","slug":"low","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/01\/low\/","title":{"rendered":"Low"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>low<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/sbittinger\/8182902396\/in\/photolist-aPykD-2fu4pPz-REjmPr-2e69V9g-2e2Q9dP-C1ciuo-CVpDW5-YH7iF7-ri7LwH-dt6jpx-2yXRrA-2jQxgHX-9ZqQwt-2i1QJxS-2fqJuN8-aPyrz-CvAxzy-C1jpxF-nWUgqA-heezD7-4Sbqwf-cnsA3Y-cnsAt3-cnsAEW-cnsAf1-2oQvsYH-dt6vsm-dt6iXT-dt6vyo-dt6v6q-dt6jwP-dt6vdQ-dv33yQ-dv31Ty-duWrTZ-cnszyb-cnszLC-duWqRB-dt6vN5-duWqmZ-duWsDX-dv32Z5-duWr8T\" title=\"Brock of Clickimin\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8487\/8182902396_4a88256a3b_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"Brock of Clickimin\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*\u0278\u012bsselos<\/strong> = low<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00edsel<\/strong> [\u02c8i\u02d0s\u02b2el] = low<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsle<\/strong> &#8211; lowness<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsligidir<\/strong> = to lower, to humble<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>isil, \u00edsel<\/strong> = low, low-laying, of low stature, hollow, the depths<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsle<\/strong> &#8211; lowness, lowliness, humility, meanness, depression<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsligidir<\/strong> = lower, brings, low, humbles<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00edseal<\/strong> [\u02c8i\u02d0\u0283\u0259l\u02e0] = low, low-lying, lowly person<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsealaicme<\/strong> = lower class, lower order<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsealch\u00e9im<\/strong> = low step, low rank, low degree<br \/>\n<strong>\u00edsealchr\u00edoch<\/strong> = low land<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00ecosal<\/strong> [i\u0259s\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = low, humble, mean lowly<br \/>\n<strong>os \u00ecosal<\/strong> = secret, covert, quietly<br \/>\n<strong>gu h-\u00ecosal<\/strong> = below<br \/>\n<strong>\u00ecseal<\/strong> [i\u02d0\u0283\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = low, commoner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ishil<\/strong> = low<br \/>\n<strong>injil<\/strong> = low, low-necked, low-lying, low-level, low down, low-built, low-pitched, low-grade, common (vulgar), depressed, subdued, subaltern<br \/>\n<strong>inshley<\/strong> = lower, minimum, nether<br \/>\n<strong>injilaghey<\/strong> = to change down, condescend, cut down, depress, humiliate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>isel, issel<\/strong> = low<br \/>\n<strong>iselir, isely, iselu<\/strong> = to make low, lower<br \/>\n<strong>iselder<\/strong> = lowness, meekness, modesty, humility<br \/>\n<strong>iselfryd, issel-fryd, isel-fryd<\/strong> = humble-minded, meek, lowly, modest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>isel<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0268\u031es\u025bl \/ \u02c8i\u02d0s\u025bl \/ \u02c8\u026as\u025bl] = low, low down, low-lying, low-flying; lower than the average or usual level, running low, shallow (<em>water, lake<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>iselaf, iselu<\/strong> = to make low, lower, debase, disparage, subdue<br \/>\n<strong>iselder<\/strong> = lowness, meekness, modesty, humility; depth<br \/>\n<strong>Iseldiroedd<\/strong> = the Netherlands<br \/>\n<strong>Iseldiraidd<\/strong> = Dutch (adj)<br \/>\n<strong>Iseldireg<\/strong> = Dutch (language)<br \/>\n<strong>isel(-)fryd<\/strong> = humble-minded, meek, lowly, modest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (CerneweC)<\/th>\n<td><strong>isel, yssel, ysel<\/strong> = low, humble, lowly<br \/>\n<strong>iseldor<\/strong> = the lowest or deepest part, the bottom<br \/>\n<strong>isella<\/strong> = lowest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>isel<\/strong> [&#8216;iz\u025bl \/ &#8216;iz\u0250l] = low, modest, vulgar; soft<br \/>\n<strong>Iseldiryek<\/strong> = Dutch (language)<br \/>\n<strong>iseldiryek<\/strong> = Dutch (adj)<br \/>\n<strong>Iseldiryow<\/strong> = the Netherlands<br \/>\n<strong>iselhe<\/strong> = to decrease, lower<br \/>\n<strong>iselheans<\/strong> = decrease, lowering<br \/>\n<strong>iselella<\/strong> = inferior, lower, lowest<br \/>\n<strong>iselweyth<\/strong> = depression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>isel<\/strong> = low<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>jsel, isel<\/strong> = low, humble<br \/>\n<strong>izell\u00e2t, isel\u00e9et, izelaat<\/strong> = to lower, go down<br \/>\n<strong>izelec, izelleq<\/strong> = modest, poor, humble<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>izel<\/strong> = low<br \/>\n<strong>izelaat<\/strong> = to lower, go down<br \/>\n<strong>izelder<\/strong> = baseness, base act<br \/>\n<strong>izelegezh<\/strong> = humility, modesty<br \/>\n<strong>izelek<\/strong> = modest<br \/>\n<strong>izelenn<\/strong> = depression<br \/>\n<strong>izelfenn<\/strong> = to imply<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>peds\u00fa<\/em>, from <em>*p\u1e53ds<\/em> (foot), from <em>*ped-<\/em> (to walk, step) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%C3%ADsel#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>s\u00edos<\/strong> (down, downwards) in Irish, <strong>sh\u00ecos<\/strong> (down, below) in Scottish Gaelic, <strong>sheese<\/strong> (below, down, downward) in Manx, <strong>is<\/strong> (under, underneath, beneath, below, lower than) in Welsh, <strong>a-is<\/strong> (below, lower) in Cornish, <strong>is<\/strong> (under, below, inferior) in Breton, <strong>foot<\/strong> in English, and <strong>pied<\/strong> (foot) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/p%E1%B9%93ds\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/create.blubrry.com\/resources\/podcast-media-hosting\/?code=omniglot\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_blubrry.png\" alt=\"Blubrry podcast hosting\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for low and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *\u0278\u012bsselos = low Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) \u00edsel [\u02c8i\u02d0s\u02b2el] = low \u00edsle &#8211; lowness \u00edsligidir = to lower, to humble Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) isil, \u00edsel = low, low-laying, of low stature, hollow, the depths \u00edsle &#8211; lowness, lowliness, humility, meanness, depression \u00edsligidir = lower, brings, low, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,44,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,10,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3254"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3254\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7546,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3254\/revisions\/7546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}