{"id":23670,"date":"2024-09-25T14:42:57","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T14:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=23670"},"modified":"2024-09-25T14:42:58","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T14:42:58","slug":"mushrooms-hats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=23670","title":{"rendered":"Mushrooms Hats"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An interesting Spanish word I learnt recently is <strong>hongo<\/strong> [\u02c8on\u0261o], which means fungus, fungal growth, mushroom, toadstool, bowler hat and derby. As this appears very different to words for mushroom in other Romance languages, such as <strong>champignon<\/strong> in French, I wondered where it came from.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/martius\/53027171696\/in\/photolist-2oMQ7GY-2mHdzxs-2oBhJVc-2oMM97P-gEpzWj-djRbX6-hPSRz-dK54uk-2oBi6Cx-2oBfM1e-2oMM9Hy-5qgo45-7764KN-2oBhJSX-2oMQ8eu-GV89W-2oMS7Uw-Yuroog-5qQzDk-2nYgrZa-wbXW7S-2oMQZDv-c2v4EU-29FtbBu-xgkVzH-9wnGJt-66TyaT-2oMQ8FG-2o2EbGN-35prjW-CivP3n-3pbZuA-dQLVRT-3Vdzo-4oST7Z-2PL6mQ-cAhoHG-5BMZVx-3oJiPL-21yA4Sh-7aYKvG-8VpJL-4L7p8B-b44hMv-2n3zUPp-2oBgxh3-nj1as-4NQZ6T-BgvFXR-hKoBd\" title=\"setas, hongos\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/53027171696_29fd1c066a_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"451\" alt=\"setas, hongos\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hongo<\/strong> comes from Old Spanish <em>fongo<\/em> (mushroom), from Latin <em>fungus<\/em> (mushroom, fungus, fungal infection, candle-snuff, dolt, idiot), from <em>sfungus<\/em>, from Ancient Greek <em>\u03c3\u03c0\u03cc\u03b3\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/em> (sp\u00f3ngos &#8211; spongue, tonsil), the origins of which are unknown [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/hongo#Spanish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>sfungjer<\/strong> (sponge) in Albanian, <strong>\u057d\u057a\u0578\u0582\u0576\u0563<\/strong> [spun\u0261] (sponge) in Armenian, <strong>sponge<\/strong> in English, <strong>spugna<\/strong> (sponge, drunkard) in Italian, and  <strong>\u0441\u0443\u043d\u0453\u0435\u0440<\/strong> [\u02c8su\u0272\u025f\u025br] (sponge) in Macedonian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic\/hr%C5%ABtan%C4%85#Etymology_2\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Related words and expressions in Spanish include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>hongo venenoso<\/strong> = toadstool<\/li>\n<li><strong>nube de hongo<\/strong> = mushroom cloud<\/li>\n<li><strong>sombrero hongo<\/strong> = bowler hat [<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.reverso.net\/spanish-english\/hongo\">source<\/a>]<\/li>\n<li><strong>valer hongo<\/strong> = worthless &#8211; <em>colloquial, vulgar &#8211; used in Chile<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/es.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/valer_hongo\">source<\/a>]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other words from mushroom in Spanish include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>champi\u00f1\u00f3n<\/strong>, which means (button) mushroom, fungus or mold, and was borrowed from French <strong>champignon<\/strong> (mushroom, fungus) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/champi%C3%B1%C3%B3n\">source<\/a>]<\/li>\n<li><strong>seta<\/strong>, which is used in Latin America to mean mushroom, and possibly comes from Ancient Greek <em>\u03c3\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac<\/em> (sept\u00e1 &#8211; lost things), from <em>\u03c3\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2<\/em> (septos) [<a href=\"https:\/\/es.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/seta#Espa%C3%B1ol\">source<\/a>]<\/li>\n<li><strong>callampa<\/strong> = mushroom or umbrella, and in the plural, <strong>callampas<\/strong>, shanty town. It&#8217;s used in Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru, and comes from Quechua <em>qallampa<\/em> or Aymara <em>qallampa<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/es.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/callampa#Espa%C3%B1ol\">source<\/a>]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The French word <strong>champignon<\/strong> (mushroom, fungus, fungal infection, accelerator pedal), comes from Vulgar Latin <em>*camp\u0101niolus<\/em> (mushroom, lit. &#8216;grows in the field&#8217;), from Late Latin <em>camp\u0101neus<\/em> (of or pertaining to the fields), from Latin <em>camp\u0101nia<\/em> (plain, countryside surrounding a city, cultivatable land), from <em>campus<\/em> (open flat level ground, a plain, a natural field), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kh\u2082\u00e9m-po-s<\/em>, from <em>*kh\u2082emp-<\/em> (to bend, curve, smooth) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/champignon#French\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Incidentally, the English word <strong>mushroom<\/strong> comes from Middle English <em>muscheron<\/em> (mushroom, fungus, toadstool, a surname), from Anglo-Norman <em>musherum<\/em>, from Old French <em>mousseron \/ moisseron<\/em> (mushroom), possibly from Old French <em>mosse\/moise<\/em> (moss) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/mushroom#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An interesting Spanish word I learnt recently is hongo [\u02c8on\u0261o], which means fungus, fungal growth, mushroom, toadstool, bowler hat and derby. As this appears very different to words for mushroom in other Romance languages, such as champignon in French, I wondered where it came from. Hongo comes from Old Spanish fongo (mushroom), from Latin fungus [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[183,179,205,204,104,107,111,128,10,15,21,34,45,191,64,216,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-albanian-shqip","category-ancient-greek-","category-armenian-","category-aymara-aymar-aru","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-italian","category-language","category-latin","category-macedonian","category-old-french","category-proto-indo-european","category-quechua","category-spanish","category-vulgar-latin-sermo-vulgaris","category-words-and-phrases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23670"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23673,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23670\/revisions\/23673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}