{"id":21018,"date":"2021-06-02T12:22:08","date_gmt":"2021-06-02T12:22:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=21018"},"modified":"2021-06-02T12:25:14","modified_gmt":"2021-06-02T12:25:14","slug":"cow-throwing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=21018","title":{"rendered":"Cow Throwing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yesterday I had my second dose of the Covid-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca), and feel just fine. So I thought I&#8217;d look at the origins of <strong>vaccine<\/strong> and related words.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/182229932@N07\/49683045051\/in\/photolist-2iGjAn2-2ksmtZM-2kh2BDU-2kgXpE2-FESTLA-fJ5FTj-2khjmH8-2kTx9P1-FKtNPY-db8FDG-7ZZiPM-nCG2HS-kY51nv-GaAjce-FFgdMw-kY5S2S-dEWhu-FZbvHV-8iUuxR-2kT9aNP-2k3zWxL-6nSmty-kY4ZYp-kY4ppB-2k3vqoX-kY5R3N-dEWk6-FaVydD-dVuiFm-2jxkwUS-xgHefX-dEWpo-FfkzRr-G44UnY-FZvLwp-G44Upw-Fb6yAT-2jxpXHv-2jxkwL5-2k3vqrT-G4JPnK-9UhabY-9VA3Ua-9V9SLH-24ZmMEu-7BtFCw-2ktmqrq-2ktq8vM-2ktq8tx-2ktmqyQ\" title=\"Vaccine\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/49683045051_0735191009_z.jpg\" alt=\"Vaccine\" width=\"640\" height=\"322\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><strong>Vaccine<\/strong> comes from the Latin word <em>vacc\u012bnus<\/em> (of or derived from a cow), from <em>vacca<\/em> (cow), from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*wo\u1e31\u00e9h\u2082<\/em> (cow) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/vaccine\">source<\/a>]. Why cows? Well, from 1796 to 1840, people were vaccinated against smallpox by being infect with cowpox (<em>variola vacc\u012bna<\/em>), a much less serious virus &#8211; a procedure developed by Edward Jenner [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vaccine#History\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Some related words include:<\/p>\n<p><strong>immunisation \/ immunization<\/strong> = the process by which an individual is safely exposed in a controlled manner to a material that is designed to prime their immune system against that material. From the French <em>immunisation<\/em>. Coined by Albert Calmette (1863-1933),  a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist, who developed a vaccine against tuberculosis, and the first antivenom for snake venom [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/immunization#English\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><strong>inoculation<\/strong> = the introduction of an antigenic substance or vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease. From the Latin <em>inocul\u0101tio<\/em> (inoculation, ingrafting), from <em>inocul\u014d<\/em> (I ingraft an eye or bud of one tree into another, inoculate, graft by budding, implant), from <em>in-<\/em> (in, within, inside) and <em>oculus<\/em> (eye) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/inoculation#English\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><strong>injection<\/strong> = the act of injecting, or something that is injected.  From the Middle French <em>injection<\/em>, from Latin <em>iniectio\/injecti\u014d<\/em> (injection, inspiration, instillation), from <em>inici\u014d<\/em> (I throw, cast, hurl or place in), from <em>in-<\/em> (in, within, inside) and <em>iaci\u014d<\/em> (throw, hurl)  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/injection\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yesterday I had my second dose of the Covid-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca), and feel just fine. So I thought I&#8217;d look at the origins of vaccine and related words. Vaccine comes from the Latin word vacc\u012bnus (of or derived from a cow), from vacca (cow), from the Proto-Indo-European *wo\u1e31\u00e9h\u2082 (cow) [source]. Why cows? Well, from 1796 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,107,111,10,15,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21018","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-language","category-latin","category-words-and-phrases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21018"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21018\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21033,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21018\/revisions\/21033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21018"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}