{"id":19780,"date":"2020-09-11T13:54:25","date_gmt":"2020-09-11T13:54:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=19780"},"modified":"2020-09-16T12:13:49","modified_gmt":"2020-09-16T12:13:49","slug":"weaving-frocks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=19780","title":{"rendered":"Weaving Frocks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Danish word <strong>frakke<\/strong> [\u02c8f\u0281\u0251g\u0259] means coat or overcoat. It was borrowed from the German <strong>Frack<\/strong> [f\u0281ak] (tails, tailcoat, dress coat), which came from the English <strong>frock<\/strong>, which generally means dress, but can also refer to a peasant&#8217;s smock, or a coarse wide-sleeved outer garment worn by members of some religious orders [<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.reverso.net\/english-definition\/frock\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>When the rights and authority are removed from a  priest, government official or medical practioner, they are said to be <strong>defrocked<\/strong>, <strong>unfrocked<\/strong> or <strong>disfrocked<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/defrock#English\">source<\/a>]. Before being defrocked, you would have to be <strong>frocked<\/strong> (made into a cleric).<\/p>\n<p>In a <strong>frock flick<\/strong> (costume drama), some of the characters might wear <strong>frock coats<\/strong>, while others might wear <strong>smock frocks<\/strong>, <strong>housefrocks<\/strong> or <strong>underfrocks<\/strong> or even go <strong>frockless<\/strong>, which might lead to them being <strong>defrocked<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/frock#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><strong>Frock<\/strong> comes from the Middle English <em>frok \/ frokke<\/em> (habit, cope, cowl, coat), from Old French <em>froc<\/em> (frock, a monk&#8217;s gown or habit), perhaps from the Medieval Latin <em>hrocus \/ roccus \/ rocus<\/em> (a coat), from the Frankish <em>*hroc \/ *hrok<\/em> (skirt, dress, robe), from the Proto-Germanic <em>*hrukkaz<\/em> (robe, jacket, skirt, tunic), from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*kre\u1e31-<\/em> (to weave).<\/p>\n<p>So these words have been weaving their way between the Germanic and Romance language families, and changing their meanings, pronunciations and spellings over time.<\/p>\n<p>Other words from the same roots include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Danish: <strong>rok<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0281\u028cg] = garment<\/li>\n<li>Dutch: <strong>rok<\/strong> [r\u0254k] = skirt, petticoat<\/li>\n<li>French: <strong>froc<\/strong> [f\u0281\u0254k] = frock  (<em>clerical garment<\/em>), the clerical profession, trousers<\/li>\n<li>German: <strong>Rock<\/strong> [\u0281\u0254k] = skirt<\/li>\n<li>Swedish: <strong>frack<\/strong> [f\u0279\u00e6k] = dress suit, tailcoat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A similar Danish word &#8211; <strong>jakke<\/strong> [\u02c8j\u0251g\u0259] (jacket) &#8211; comes from the German <strong>Jacke<\/strong> (jacket), from the Old French <em>jaque<\/em> (a gambison &#8211; a type of tight-fitting shirt), which was either named after someone called Jaques (James), or from <em>jaque de mailles<\/em> (coat of arms) from the Arabic <strong>\u0634\u0640\u064e\u0643\u0651<\/strong> (\u0161akk &#8211; breastplate). The English word <strong>jacket<\/strong> comes fromt the same root, via the Middle French <em>jacquet<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The Danish word <strong>skjort<\/strong> [\u02c8s\u0261\u030ajo\u0250\u032fd\u0325\u0259] sounds similar to skirt in English, but means shirt. It comes from the Old Norse <em>skyrta<\/em> (shirt), from the Proto-Germanic <em>*skurtij\u01ed<\/em> (skirt, apron). The English word <strong>skirt<\/strong> comes from the same root [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/skjorte\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The English word <strong>shirt<\/strong> also comes from the same root, but via the Middle English <em>sherte \/ shurte \/ schirte<\/em>, from Old English <em>s\u010byrte<\/em> (a short garment; skirt; kirtle) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/skjorte\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Danish word <strong>sk\u00f8rt<\/strong> [\u02c8s\u0261\u030a\u0276\u0250\u032fd\u0325] (skirt, kilt) comes from the same root, via the Middle Low German <em>schorte<\/em> (armour) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/sk%C3%B8rt#Danish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Another Danish word for skirt is <strong>nederdel<\/strong> (&#8220;lower part&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/eflon\/3992352438\/in\/photolist-75MRhJ-geCcR-2aXsBNL-pjWZVg-7GSMw2-wsrYD3-2e4jj7U-2e4jj3L-22EF3WA-NeQRC3-98hV5j-2a74RdJ-LcjffX-28XWhb3-27cASJj-29T3KpQ-29T3Kv1-29gT1Zj-29T3Kkm-5Ks9sC-a5U1vZ-dpakoP-Gy9tjC-2jtAspm-5QMrpq-wSR11K-81JzLb-81JzpW-2eQdLxj-oucteE-T3pbgQ-5q9qXJ-21jZPWS-9HXbpb-fG7qee-2hbtF81-h6BqJq-B61Ymj-kTWPZA-ciKkdo-pa3DLB-asSfWq-fPFr38-dcjkDn-Mudfv9-81JAH3-81EsMc-9EFm4j-ARKrrp-2gMm3aU\" title=\"coat hooks\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3463\/3992352438_dfc6381ed5_z.jpg\" alt=\"coat hooks\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><em>Sources: <a href=\"https:\/\/ordnet.dk\/ddo\/ordbog?query=frakke\">Den Danske Ordbog<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/frock#English\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/quod.lib.umich.edu\/m\/middle-english-dictionary\/dictionary\/MED17791\">Middle English Compendium<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.bab.la\/\">bab.la<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.reverso.net\/\">Reverso<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Danish word frakke [\u02c8f\u0281\u0251g\u0259] means coat or overcoat. It was borrowed from the German Frack [f\u0281ak] (tails, tailcoat, dress coat), which came from the English frock, which generally means dress, but can also refer to a peasant&#8217;s smock, or a coarse wide-sleeved outer garment worn by members of some religious orders [source]. When the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100,102,104,107,110,111,116,10,15,26,174,34,36,44,45,67,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-danish","category-dutch","category-english","category-etymology","category-frankish","category-french","category-german","category-language","category-latin","category-middle-english","category-middle-low-german","category-old-french","category-old-norse","category-proto-germanic","category-proto-indo-european","category-swedish","category-words-and-phrases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19780"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19780\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19808,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19780\/revisions\/19808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}