{"id":17124,"date":"2018-11-28T15:20:42","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T14:20:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/blog\/?p=17124"},"modified":"2018-11-28T15:20:42","modified_gmt":"2018-11-28T14:20:42","slug":"frowning-nosey-nostrils","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=17124","title":{"rendered":"Frowning nosey nostrils!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/blog\/frown.gif\" width=\"184\" height=\"184\" style=\"float:right; margin:0 0 20px 50px;\" alt=\"Frowny face\" \/><\/p>\n<p>What is the connection between <strong>frown<\/strong>, <strong>nose<\/strong> and <strong>nostrils<\/strong>?<\/p>\n<p>The English word <strong>frown<\/strong> comes from the Middle English <em>frounen<\/em> (to frown as an expression of disapproval, displeasure, shame, fear, or jealousy), from the Old French <em>frognier<\/em> (to frown or scowl), from Gaulish <em>*frogn\u0101<\/em> (nostril), from the Proto-Celtic <em>*srogn\u0101<\/em>, from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*sreg\u02b0-<\/em> (snore) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/frown\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Proto-Celtic word <em>*srogn\u0101<\/em> is the root of the following words in the modern Celtic languages:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Irish (Gaeilge): <strong>sr\u00f3n<\/strong> [s\u02e0\u027e\u02e0o\u02d0n\u02e0] = nose; sense of smell; prow, projection<\/li>\n<li>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig): <strong>sr\u00f2n<\/strong> [sdr\u0254\u02d0n] = nose, snout, trunk; promontory; snout (<em>of a glacier<\/em>); toe (<em>of a shoe<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Manx (Gaelg): <strong>stroin<\/strong> [str\u025bin] = nose, promontory, headland, ness, naze, nose-piece<\/li>\n<li>Welsh (Cymraeg): <strong>ffroen<\/strong> = nostril; muzzle of a gun, mouth of a cannon, nozzle of a pair of bellows; hole, entrance, opening (<em>of a pipe<\/em>), spout<\/li>\n<li>Cornish (Kernewek): <strong>frig<\/strong> [fri:g] = nostril<\/li>\n<li>Breton (Brezhoneg): <strong>froen<\/strong> = nostril, <strong>fri<\/strong> = nose<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I&#8217;m not sure if the Cornish word <em>frig<\/em> comes from the same root, but it seems likely.<\/p>\n<p>The French word <em>renfrogner<\/em> (to scowl), the Galician word <em>enfurru\u00f1ar<\/em> (to frown, to get angry), the Spanish word <em>enfurru\u00f1arse<\/em> (to get angry, get cross, to sulk, to cloud over) also come from the same root.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/srogn%C4%81\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/sr%c3%b3n\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=frig\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionnaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.reverso.net\/french-english\/froncer\">Reverso<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>This is one of the connections I found recently while working on the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/11\/26\/noses-nostrils\/\">Celtiadur<\/a>, my collection of Celtic cognates.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is the connection between frown, nose and nostrils? The English word frown comes from the Middle English frounen (to frown as an expression of disapproval, displeasure, shame, fear, or jealousy), from the Old French frognier (to frown or scowl), from Gaulish *frogn\u0101 (nostril), from the Proto-Celtic *srogn\u0101, from the Proto-Indo-European *sreg\u02b0- (snore) [source]. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,97,104,107,111,113,114,127,10,23,26,34,43,45,56,64,77,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-galician","category-gaulish","category-irish","category-language","category-manx","category-middle-english","category-old-french","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish","category-welsh","category-words-and-phrases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17124"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17124\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}