{"id":15528,"date":"2018-05-08T17:38:03","date_gmt":"2018-05-08T16:38:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/blog\/?p=15528"},"modified":"2018-05-08T17:38:03","modified_gmt":"2018-05-08T16:38:03","slug":"handy-hands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=15528","title":{"rendered":"Handy hands"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/blog\/hands.jpg\" width=\"208\" height=\"208\" style=\"float:right; margin:0 0 20px 50px;\" alt=\"Hands\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In Welsh the word for hand is <strong>llaw<\/strong> [\u026cau\u032f], which also means authority, control, influence; side, direction, position; skill, touch; hand(-writing), signature; hand (of cards); hand (for measuring horses); man, person; workman; expert.<\/p>\n<p>When talking about a pair of hands, the dual form <strong>dwylo<\/strong> is used. Plural forms for three or more hands are <strong>llawiau<\/strong>, <strong>llawau<\/strong> or <strong>llawoedd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Do any other languages have different dual and plural forms like this?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Llaw<\/strong> comes from the Old Welsh <em>lau<\/em> (hand), from the Proto-Brythonic <em>*l\u1ecd\u03b2\u0303<\/em> (palm, hand), from the Proto-Celtic <em>*\u0278l\u0101m\u0101<\/em> (palm, hand), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*pl\u0325h\u2082meh\u2082<\/em> (palm, hand), which is also the root of the English word <strong>palm<\/strong> (of the hand).<\/p>\n<p>Here are some words and phrases llaw appears in:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; llawio = to handle<br \/>\n&#8211; llawiog = handy<br \/>\n&#8211; llawedig = handled, used<br \/>\n&#8211; llawan = litte hand<br \/>\n&#8211; llawagored = generous (&#8220;open hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llawdde = skilful, dexterous (&#8220;right hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llawddwein = palmist (&#8220;hand wizard&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llawfeddyg = surgeon (&#8220;hand doctor&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llawfer = shorthand<br \/>\n&#8211; llaw(h)ir = generous (&#8220;long hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llawlyfr = handbook, manual<br \/>\n&#8211; llawysgrif = manuscript<br \/>\n&#8211; llawysgrifen = handwriting, longhand<br \/>\n&#8211; llawgymwys = even-handed, impartial, unbiased (\u201chand equal\u201c)<br \/>\n&#8211; llawsafiad = handstand<br \/>\n&#8211; blaenllaw = in advance, beforehand, previous (&#8220;hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; gerllaw = near, close to, by; at hand (\u201cnear hand\u201d)<br \/>\n&#8211; heblaw = besides, in addition to; without (\u201cwithout hand\u201d)<br \/>\n&#8211; uwchlaw = above, over, beyond (\u201cover hand\u201d)<br \/>\n&#8211; islaw = below, beneath, under (\u201clow hand\u201d)<br \/>\n&#8211; llaw flewog = pilfering hand, light fingered (&#8220;hairy hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llaw galed = trouble, rough time, hard time (&#8220;hard hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; llaw ganol = intermediary, intermediate (&#8220;middle hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; ar bob llaw = on all sides, on every side (&#8220;on every hand&#8221;)<br \/>\n&#8211; o waith llaw = handmade<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/llaw\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriaduracademi.org\/\">Geiriadur yr Academi<\/a>, Y Geiriadur Mawr<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Welsh the word for hand is llaw [\u026cau\u032f], which also means authority, control, influence; side, direction, position; skill, touch; hand(-writing), signature; hand (of cards); hand (for measuring horses); man, person; workman; expert. When talking about a pair of hands, the dual form dwylo is used. Plural forms for three or more hands are llawiau, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,107,10,45,77,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-english","category-etymology","category-language","category-proto-indo-european","category-welsh","category-words-and-phrases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15528"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15528\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}