{"id":13610,"date":"2017-02-21T14:34:49","date_gmt":"2017-02-21T13:34:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/blog\/?p=13610"},"modified":"2017-02-21T14:34:49","modified_gmt":"2017-02-21T13:34:49","slug":"going-through-the-motions-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/?p=13610","title":{"rendered":"Going through the motions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/blog\/motion.gif\" width=\"208\" height=\"208\" style=\"float:right; margin:0 0 20px 50px;\" alt=\"Russian verbs of motion\"\/><\/p>\n<p>In English you can use the verb <strong>to go<\/strong> to indicate any kind of travel &#8211; it doesn&#8217;t matter if you&#8217;re going on foot, by bicycle, car, bus, train, boat or plane. There are other verbs you can use: walk, stroll, hike, cycle, drive, travel, sail, fly, etc, but you can also just use go.<\/p>\n<p>In some other languages the verbs you use for motion depend on how you are going. In German, for example, <strong>gehen<\/strong> is used when you go by foot, and <strong>fahren<\/strong> is used when you use some form transport, such as a car, train, bus or bicycle.<\/p>\n<p>Other German words for motion include:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; reisen = to travel<br \/>\n&#8211; fliegen = to fly<br \/>\n&#8211; laufen = to run, to go, to walk<br \/>\n&#8211; spazieren = to stroll, to strut<br \/>\n&#8211; spazieren fahren = to go for a drive, ride or run<br \/>\n&#8211; spazieren f\u00fchren = to take sb for a walk<br \/>\n&#8211; spazieren gehen = to go for a walk or stroll<br \/>\n&#8211; schreiten = to stride, walk, proceed, strut, stalk<br \/>\n&#8211; wanderen = to wander, roam, drift, ramble, hike<br \/>\n&#8211; f\u00fchren = to sail, carry, fly, pilot, take, lead<\/p>\n<p>The German word <strong>fahren<\/strong> comes from the Old High German <em>faran<\/em> (to proceed, go, travel), from Proto-Germanic <em>*faran\u0105<\/em> (to go, travel), from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*per-<\/em> \u200e(going, passage), which is also the root of the English words <strong>fare<\/strong> and <strong>ferry<\/strong>, and related words in other Germanic languages.<\/p>\n<p>In Russian you have to think not only about how you are going, but also whether you&#8217;re coming back or not. There are two main verbs for to go, each of which has several aspects:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <strong>\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\/\u0438\u0434\u0442\u0438<\/strong> (<strong>\u043f\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438<\/strong> <em>perf<\/em>) = to go (on foot), to move; to wear (smth); to go (to), attend, visit; to run (trains, ships); to work, run (clocks); to lead, play, move (in games); to tend, take care of, nurse.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <strong>\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\/\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (<strong>\u043f\u043e\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> <em>perf<\/em>) = to go (by horse or vehicle), to ride, to drive; to come; to visit; to travel<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> and <strong>\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/strong> are the indeterminative imperfective aspects. They are refer to repetitive or recurring activity that may or may not occur on a given path.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0418\u0434\u0442\u0438<\/strong> and <strong>\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> are the determinative imperfective aspects. They are refer to a single activity at a single time, along a single path.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some related expressions and examples of usage:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0422\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0451\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 = Tatiana already went to school (Perfective)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0422\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0432 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 = Tatiana is going to school (Determinative imperfective)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0422\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 (\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e) = Tatiana goes to school (five days a week) (Indeterminative imperfective)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0301\u043c\u200e = to walk, to go on foot, to hike<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043e\u0301\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c\u200e = to strut<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0301\u043c\u200e = to go barefoot<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043b\u043a\u0443\/\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043b\u043a\u0443\/\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0301\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443\u200e = to waddle<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044b\u0301\u0436\u0430\u0445\u200e = to ski<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u044b\u0301\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430\u0445\u200e = to tiptoe<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0301\u0434\u200e = to hike<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0427\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0301\u0434\u044f\u0442 = The watch doesn\u2019t work<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0301\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0301\u0434\u044f\u0442 = There are no trains (running) today.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0418\u0434\u0451\u043c \u0432 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0440 = Let&#8217;s go to the cinema.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0418\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0434\u044c = It&#8217;s raining.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0418\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u0435\u0433 = It&#8217;s snowing.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041e\u043d \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0437\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439 = He often goes to China.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043c\u044b \u0438\u0434\u0451\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c = We&#8217;re going dancing tonight.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044f\u0436 = Let\u2019s go to the beach.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c = I like walking<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041c\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0431 = We went to the pub.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0422\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0439\u0434\u0451\u0448\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c? = Will you go for a walk tomorrow?<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0437\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435 = She went to St. Petersburg by car.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435  = They will be going home by train.<\/p>\n<p>Other verbs of motion in Russian include:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0411\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \/ \u0411\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c = to run<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0411\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \/ \u0411\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 = to stroll<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0413\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \/ \u0413\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c = to drive<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041b\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \/ \u041b\u0435\u0437\u0442\u044c = to climb<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \/ \u041b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0442\u044c = to fly<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \/ \u041f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u044c = to swim, to sail<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \/ \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0442\u0438 = to crawl<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0412\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \/ \u0412\u0435\u0437\u0442\u0438 = to transport, to carry (by vehicle)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \/ \u041d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 = to carry, to wear<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0412\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \/ \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 = to lead, to accompany, to drive (a car)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0422\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \/ \u0422\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044c = to drag, to pull<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.russianlessons.net\/lessons\/lesson16_main.php\">More about Russian verbs of motion<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/fahren\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dictionary.reverso.net\/english-german\/to%20go\">Reverso<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.russianlessons.net\/lessons\/lesson16_main.php\">Russianlessons.net<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In English you can use the verb to go to indicate any kind of travel &#8211; it doesn&#8217;t matter if you&#8217;re going on foot, by bicycle, car, bus, train, boat or plane. There are other verbs you can use: walk, stroll, hike, cycle, drive, travel, sail, fly, etc, but you can also just use go. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,107,116,10,45,52,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-english","category-etymology","category-german","category-language","category-proto-indo-european","category-russian","category-words-and-phrases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13610"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13610\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}